Steroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and stents for superior vena caval obstruction in carcinoma of the bronchus

Rowell, N.P.; Gleeson, Fergus

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001316.pub2

Cited by 27 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…For malignancy-related superior vena cava obstruction, external beam radiotherapy is effective in 60% patients with nonsmall cell lung cancers and 80% patients with small cell lung cancers [10]. Chemotherapy is another treatment option for patients with chemosensitive tumors like lymphoma, germ cell tumors, or small cell tumors.…”

Section: Metastatic Stage IV Disease: Palliative Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiotherapy in Lung Cancer

Ying¹

2017

Radiotherapy

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Lung cancer remains one of the top five cancers worldwide. Around 85% are nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and only one-third present with early stage diseases. Radiotherapy had an important role both in radical and palliative treatment. With advancement in technology, newer techniques of stereotactic body radiotherapy allow delivery of much higher biologically effective dose to tumor achieving similar outcomes to radical surgery in early stage diseases. However, the usually large tumor volume together with preexiting poor lung condition makes radiotherapy challenging to deliver a radical dose to tumor while maintaining normal tissue constrains. In this chapter, different indications and techniques used in treating NSCLC will be discussed and reviewed.

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Section: Metastatic Stage IV Disease: Palliative Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiotherapy in Lung Cancer

Ying¹

2017

Radiotherapy

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“…This is most commonly due to carcinoma of the bronchus, with 3–4% of these patients affected. At diagnosis, the incidence of SVCO is 10% for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 1.7% for non-small-cell cancer (NSCLC) 7. Other malignant causes include lymphoma, metastatic disease, germ-cell cancer, thymoma and mesothelioma 10…”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malignant SVCO is a manifestation of the extrinsic compression of the SVC by a tumour in the right main or upper lobe bronchus, or by large-volume mediastinal lymphadenopathy, usually from the right paratracheal or precarinal lymph node groups (figure 1A, B) 7. Benign SVCO is usually a result of intrinsic occlusion of the SVC by thrombus formation.…”

Section: Aetiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these modalities could take up to 2–4 weeks to have an effect. Furthermore, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy only relieved SVCO in 60–77% of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma, and between 17% and 19% of these patient re-presented with recurrence of SVCO 7. Failure of treatment may be due to persisting tumour mass or SVC thrombosis.…”

Section: Treatment Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increasing use of central venous access catheters and indwelling cardiac devices that predispose to thrombosis of the SVC have resulted in rising numbers of benign superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO). In 1986, SVC stenting was introduced4 and has rapidly increased in popularity as it provides fast relief of the venous congestion and its associated symptoms,5 6 and offers better long-term patency7 with an acceptable morbidity 8. It has since become the treatment of choice for SVCO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superior vena cava stenting in the 21st century

Warner

Uberoi

2013

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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Superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) is most commonly due to malignant or thrombotic causes. The traditional treatments of surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy either have a high morbidity and mortality rate, or a lag period of a few weeks prior to response. Superior vena cava stenting is able to provide rapid relief of symptoms safely in the vast majority of patients. It has now become the first-line treatment for malignant SVCO, and is increasingly being used in benign SVCO. The complication and success rates compare very favourably with the other treatment modalities.

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