Stiffness and Strength of Stabilized Organic Soils—Part I/II: Experimental Database and Statistical Description for Machine Learning Modelling

Hernandez-Martinez, Francisco G.; Al‐Tabbaa, Abir; Medina-Cetina, Zenón; Yousefpour, Negin

doi:10.3390/geosciences11060243

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Here, biochar was observed to be far more effective compared to the IBPs, with a strength increase of up to 80% for BC4. These results are similar to previous findings on peat stabilisation [27,31,95]. The stabilisation effect can possibly be attributed to the water retention (high absorption capacity) of the biochar and densification [32,96].…”

Section: The Stabilisation Effect For Different Binders In Peatsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Previous research has also shown that a lower liquidity index could imply a higher strength [98], but the opposite effect was observed herein as the liquidity indices were approximately 0.9-1.0 and 1.5-2.0 for the Onsøy and Tiller-Flotten clays, respectively. [27,31,95]. The stabilisation effect can possibly be attributed to the water r absorption capacity) of the biochar and densification [32,96].…”

Section: The Strength Difference Between the Onsøy And Tiller-flotten...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars

et al. 2023

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The stabilisation of soft soils using the traditional binders cement and quicklime are known to emit large amounts of carbon dioxide. To reduce this carbon footprint, substitutes such as industrial by-products have been thoroughly tested as viable alternatives for soil stabilisation. However, recent research has also shown that biochar from biomass pyrolysis can in some instances have a positive stabilisation effect and even result in a carbon-negative footprint. This paper presents a laboratory study to investigate the stabilisation effect of five industrial by-products and four types of biochar on three natural Norwegian soils: two clays with low and high water contents and one peat with a very high water content. The soils and binders were characterised by their mineralogical and chemical compositions. The biochars had varying stabilisation effects on the clays when combined with cement, with some negative stabilisation effects, whilst the effect was very beneficial in the peat, with a strength increase of up to 80%. The industrial by-products showed opposite results, with beneficial effects in the clays and a strength increase of up to 150%, but negative stabilisation effects in the peat. Correlating the mineralogical and chemical compositions to stabilisation effects was found to be challenging.

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Section: The Stabilisation Effect For Different Binders In Peatsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: The Strength Difference Between the Onsøy And Tiller-flotten...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars

et al. 2023

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Strength and Stiffness Properties of Laboratory-Improved Soft Swedish Clays

Hov

Larsson

2023

Int. J. of Geosynth. and Ground Eng.

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The dry deep mixing method using lime and cement-based binders is widely used in the Nordic countries to improve soft and sensitive clays. Increasing the usage of industrial by-products is needed to reduce climate impact, and this requires thorough knowledge on engineering properties using these binders. A lot of research has been done on this topic; however, tests are often performed on fabricated soils, and there is also a lack of studies on cement kiln dust in organic clays. This paper presents a large database of laboratory-improved soft inorganic and organic natural Swedish clays using quicklime, cement and cement kiln dust. It is shown that many properties and relationships between strength and stiffness, strength development over time and strain to failure are in practice similar for both quicklime and cement kiln dust when combined with cement, but that the strength depends both on the water-binder ratio and soil type. Further, it is shown that cement kiln dust performs well also in organic clay. The data also shows that the Youngs' modulus on average is around 100 times the unconfined compressive strength. For strength development over time, it is seen that the strength increases on average 60% from 7 days of curing to 28 days of curing. The correlations presented herein will serve as a useful guidance in engineering practice.

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Effect of kaolin-nano-silica mixture on geomechanical properties enhancement of soils

Shalaby,

Elkady,

Salah

et al. 2024

Innov. Infrastruct. Solut.

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Weak soil is a major obstacle facing the urban development of any site with other exceptional merits. The current study aims to investigate the utilization of nano-silica in enhancing the mechanical properties of weak kaolin soils. Design mixes using different percentages of nano-silica were investigated in the range between 0.25–1.20% from the dry weight of the kaolin soil. Various chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of each mixture have been investigated. The obtained results indicated that nano-silica addition to such kaolin soils decreased the plasticity index and the maximum dry density while increasing the plastic limit, the Liquid limit, and the optimum moisture content. In different curing days of the tested mixtures, maximum dry density was decreased, while the optimum moisture content increased. The optimum value of added nano-silica was less than 1% of the soil dry weight. In the modified kaolin soil with 0.9% nano-silica, the plastic limit was increased by 29%, while the liquid limit decreased by 13% in comparison with the untreated sample. After 28 days of the cured sample, the unconfined compressive strength readings increased by almost 14% compared to its reading on day one. Also, the California bearing ratio results recorded significant enhancement with nano-silica additives in comparison with the untreated kaolin soil. After 28 curing days, the sonicated samples recorded enhancement in the unconfined compressive strength readings by more than 5% and 9% with the additive N-Si (0.3% and 0.9%), respectively, when compared with the unsonicated samples. Graphical Abstract

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Stiffness and Strength of Stabilized Organic Soils—Part I/II: Experimental Database and Statistical Description for Machine Learning Modelling

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars

Stabilisation of Soft Clay, Quick Clay and Peat by Industrial By-Products and Biochars

Strength and Stiffness Properties of Laboratory-Improved Soft Swedish Clays

Effect of kaolin-nano-silica mixture on geomechanical properties enhancement of soils

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