Stiffness of the crystal-liquid interface in a hard-sphere colloidal system measured from capillary fluctuations

Ramsteiner, I. B.; Weitz, David A.; Spaepen, Frans

doi:10.1103/physreve.82.041603

Cited by 24 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The (110) interface, however, is expected to be anisotropic, with the principal directions of γ along [001] and [110]. 1 The stiffness of the crystal-liquid interface has been studied in computer simulations [8,[10][11][12] and experimentally in colloidal systems [13][14][15]. The use of colloidal particles as a versatile model system for atomic solids has a longstanding history of providing invaluable insight into otherwise challenging phenomena to observe within atomic solids, e.g., crystallization [16], glassy dynamics [17], and grain boundaries [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the stiffness of hard-sphere colloidal crystal-liquid interfaces

Loenen

Kodger

Padston

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Materials

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We investigated the stiffness of the interfaces between hard-sphere colloidal face-centered cubic crystals sedimented onto (100), (110), and (111) oriented templates and their equilibrium liquid with special attention to the in-plane anisotropy. The stiffness was determined from thermal fluctuations in the interface position imaged by confocal microscopy. The colloidal particles of diameter σ are nearly density-matched with the suspending fluid so that the amount of liquid above the interface was much greater than in an earlier similar hard-sphere colloid experiment. We find stiffness values of 0.47 k B T /σ 2 for the (100) interface 0.53 k B T /σ 2 for the (110) interface and 0.41 k B T /σ 2 for the (111) interface. These values are generally closer to those found in computer simulations than to the earlier colloid results. No evidence was found however for the expected in-plane anisotropy of the (110) interface. This surprising finding confirms that of the earlier colloid work.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the stiffness of hard-sphere colloidal crystal-liquid interfaces

Loenen

Kodger

Padston

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Materials

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“…3(b),(d). A compressed exponential with β > 1 is indicative of a "jammed" system where local displacements create long-range spatial and temporal inhomogeneities [24][25][26][27][28] , while a stretched exponential with β < 1 is the hallmark of the dynamics of highly viscous liquids near T g , that corresponds to hierarchical dynamics with caging and escaping of groups of atoms/molecules via cooperative motion [29][30][31] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics at the crystal-melt interface in a supercooled chalcogenide liquid near the glass transition

Jangid

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Direct quantitative measurements of nanoscale dynamical processes associated with structural relaxation and crystallization near the glass transition are a major experimental challenge. these type of processes have been primarily treated as macroscopic phenomena within the framework of phenomenological models and bulk experiments. Here, we report x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy measurements of dynamics at the crystal-melt interface during the radiation induced formation of Se nano-crystallites in pure Se and in binary AsSe 4 glass-forming liquids near their glass transition temperature. We observe a heterogeneous dynamical behaviour where the intensity correlation functions g 2 (q, t) exhibits either a compressed or a stretched exponential decay, depending on the size of the Se nano-crystallites. the corresponding relaxation timescale for the AsSe 4 liquid increases as the temperature is raised, which can be attributed to changes in the chemical composition of the melt at the crystal-melt interface with the growth of the Se nano-crystallites.

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“…The tracking of the particles allows us to determine the rates at which particles attach to or detach from the crystal interface, which can be denoted by jump frequencies, k + and k − , both in and out of equilibrium. To identify the attaching and detaching particles, we adopt an additional parameter Zi , the number of crystal neighbors (24). The number of crystal particles that surround a particle, Zi , depends on the region (crystal, interface, or liquid) to which it belongs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct observation of crystallization and melting with colloids

Hwang

Weitz

Spaepen

2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We study the kinetics of crystal growth and melting of two types of colloidal crystals: body-centered cubic (BCC) crystals and facecentered cubic (FCC) crystals. A dielectrophoretic "electric bottle" confines colloids, enabling precise control of the motion of the interface. We track the particle motion, and by introducing a structural order parameter, we measure the jump frequencies of particles to and from the crystal and determine from these the free-energy difference between the phases and the interface mobility. We find that the interface is rough in both BCC and FCC cases. Moreover, the jump frequencies correspond to those expected from the random walk of the particles, which translates to collision-limited growth in metallic systems. The mobility of the BCC interface is greater than that of the FCC interface. In addition, contrary to the prediction of some early computer simulations, we show that there is no significant asymmetry between the mobilities for crystallization and melting.kinetics | crystallization | melting | colloids | phase transformation Significance This paper reports on colloid experiments that provide a unique 3D experimental view at the particle level of the fundamental mechanism by which liquids crystallize and crystals melt. Since these mechanisms cannot be observed directly in atomic systems, the colloids serve as models to identify, for example, the equivalent of the often-invoked collision-limited growth of pure crystals. Other observations include the measurement of equal mobilities for growth and melting and the mobility of the body-centered cubic interface being greater than that of the face-centered cubic one.

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Stiffness of the crystal-liquid interface in a hard-sphere colloidal system measured from capillary fluctuations

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Measurement of the stiffness of hard-sphere colloidal crystal-liquid interfaces

Measurement of the stiffness of hard-sphere colloidal crystal-liquid interfaces

Dynamics at the crystal-melt interface in a supercooled chalcogenide liquid near the glass transition

Direct observation of crystallization and melting with colloids

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