Stigma in place: Black gay men's experiences of the rural South

Scott, Darius

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102515

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Elevated transactional sex involvement among gay and bisexual MWUO could also reflect underlying histories of social exclusion and isolation attributed to the sexual identities of gay and bisexual men, particularly among Black men. Studies have linked perceived homophobia and racialized disconnection from broader queer networks to increased sexual risk-taking, including condomless and transactional sex, among Black MSM in the USA [ 43 , 46 , 47 ]. These findings suggest that transactional sex among gay/bisexual MWUO in our sample is both a reflection of concomitant sources of marginalization (i.e., food insecurity, homelessness, injection drug use) and a potential consequence of racialized homophobia underpinning these very indicators of marginalization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selling sex in the context of substance use: social and structural drivers of transactional sex among men who use opioids in Maryland

et al. 2022

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Background Transactional sex is an important driver of HIV risk among people who use drugs in the USA, but there is a dearth of research characterizing men’s selling and trading of sex in the context of opioid use. To identify contextually specific factors associated with selling or trading sex in a US population of men who use drugs, we cross-sectionally examined social and structural correlates of transactional sex among men who use opioids (MWUO) in Anne Arundel County and Baltimore City, Maryland. Methods Between July 2018 and March 2020, we used targeted sampling to recruit men reporting past-month opioid use from 22 street-level urban and suburban recruitment zones. MWUO completed a 30-min self-administered interview eliciting substance use histories, experiences with hunger and homelessness, criminal justice interactions, and transactional sex involvement. We identified correlates of recent (past 3 months) transactional sex using multivariable log-binomial regression with cluster-robust standard errors. Results Among 422 MWUO (mean age 47.3 years, 73.4% non-Hispanic Black, 94.5% heterosexual), the prevalence of recent transactional sex was 10.7%. In multivariable analysis, younger age (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] 0.98, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.97–0.99, p < 0.001), identifying as gay/bisexual (aPR = 5.30, 95% CI 3.81–7.37, p < 0.001), past-month food insecurity (aPR = 1.77, 95% CI 1.05–3.00, p = 0.032), and injection drug use in the past 3 months (aPR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.02–3.01, p = 0.043) emerged as statistically significant independent correlates of transactional sex. Conclusions Synergistic sources of social and structural marginalization—from sexuality to hunger, homelessness, and injection drug use—are associated with transactional sex in this predominantly Black, heterosexual-identifying sample of MWUO. Efforts to mitigate physical and psychological harms associated with transactional sex encounters should consider the racialized dimensions and socio-structural drivers of transactional sex among MWUO.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selling sex in the context of substance use: social and structural drivers of transactional sex among men who use opioids in Maryland

et al. 2022

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“…Even less exists relating to collecting social network data, much less that combines network, identity, and health data. Future work must directly engage with these populations through research codesigned with them ( 101 ). As noted by Flatt, Cicero, Kittle, and Brennan-Ing ( 47 ), there is a need to further engage in longitudinal data collection among LGBTQ populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making Home: The Role of Social Networks on Identity, Health, and Quality of Life Among Rural Lesbian and Gay Older Adults

Guest

Hunter

Schoenberg

2023

Innovation in Aging

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Background and Objectives Gay and lesbian older persons face a host of health inequalities related to their identity as they age. Challenges to health access and appropriate social support may be even more exacerbated for those living in rural environments; this may be due to the lack of supportive and affirming social connections. This project aimed to explore and describe the social networks and the relationship of these social networks to identity, health, and quality of life of gay and lesbian individuals in rural communities Research Design and Methods Social network data on network type, size, and social capital were collected and supplemented by quantitative questionnaires relating to health, quality of life, marginalization, and identity Results Participants (N = 25) were recruited from three states. Thirteen participants self-identified as gay, and twelve as lesbian. All but one identified as non-Hispanic White. The average age of all participants was 60.32 years. Findings indicate that rural gay and lesbian individuals develop networks with little consideration for network members’ acceptance of their identity. Participants reported an average network size of 9.32 individuals. Gay men reported higher perceptual affinity (.69), lesbian participants (.62). Lesbian networks showed significantly (p = .0262) greater demographic similarity (.58) than aging gay men’s networks (.55). Aging gay men (.89) reported statistically stronger (p = .0078) network ties than aging lesbian females (.78). Among participants in this study, network size is not correlated with the health and quality of life for rural aging lesbian and gay individuals. Still, personal identity congruence does appear to relate to health and quality of life Discussion and Implications The findings highlight the collective need to continue research into sexual minority aging and rural sexual minority aging, particularly employing novel methods

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“…Moreover, these forms of stigma may be heightened in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly given the greater social isolation, increased burden on mental health, and new challenges in navigating healthcare (Ramos et al 2021 ; Garcia et al 2021 ; Kamal et al 2021 ; Gato et al 2021 ). In conjunction, intersectionality theory and minority stress theory illustrate that intersectional stigma can be associated with several adverse health behaviors, including deterrence from PrEP utilization, among BSMM (Earnshaw et al 2021 ; Arscott et al 2020 ; Hussen et al 2018 ; Scott 2021 ; Elopre et al 2021 ). As such, intersectional stigma may be a driver of HIV disparities impacting BSMM, in part through deterring PrEP utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent profiles of stigma and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among Black sexual minority men: an exploratory study

Turpin

Smith²,

Watson

et al. 2022

SN Soc Sci

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Black sexual minority men (BSMM) are a priority population for HIV prevention efforts, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) promotion. Intersectional stigma can be associated with deterrence from PrEP utilization among BSMM; this stigma has a novel context in the COVID-19 pandemic. To examine this, we investigated latent profiles of racial, sexuality-based, and related stigmas among HIV-negative BSMM in the COVID-19 pandemic and tested their association with PrEP use. We analyzed cross-sectional data from a pilot sample of HIV-negative BSMM ( n = 151) collected between July 2nd and September 3rd, 2020 in the United States, primarily located on the east coast. We conducted latent profile analysis using internalized racism and homophobia, anticipated racism and homophobia, HIV stigma, healthcare stigma, and PrEP stigma. We then tested associations between latent profiles and both PrEP use (binary) and PrEP acceptability (ordinal) using modified Poisson regression and cumulative log models, respectively. We identified three latent profiles, characterized as ‘Low Internalized Stigma, High Anticipated Stigma’ (reference profile), ‘High Internalized Stigma, Low Anticipated Stigma,’ and ‘High Internalized and Anticipated Stigma.’ The ‘High Internalized and Anticipated Stigma’ profile was associated with PrEP use (aPR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17, 0.82) and acceptability (aPR 0.32, 95% CI 0.18, 0.57) nearly three times as low as the comparing profile after adjustment for confounders. The ‘High Internalized Stigma, Low Anticipated Stigma’ was also associated with PrEP acceptability nearly three times as low as the reference (aPR 0.38, 95% CI 0.22, 0.68). We identified latent profiles characterized by internalized and anticipated stigmas among BSMM during the COVID-19 pandemic and found that the profile with the highest levels of both internalized and anticipated stigma was associated with the lowest PrEP use and acceptability. Internalized stigma may be a particularly relevant intervention target in efforts to promote PrEP uptake among BSMM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43545-022-00490-w.

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Stigma in place: Black gay men's experiences of the rural South

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Selling sex in the context of substance use: social and structural drivers of transactional sex among men who use opioids in Maryland

Selling sex in the context of substance use: social and structural drivers of transactional sex among men who use opioids in Maryland

Making Home: The Role of Social Networks on Identity, Health, and Quality of Life Among Rural Lesbian and Gay Older Adults

Latent profiles of stigma and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among Black sexual minority men: an exploratory study

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