Stigma in response to mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan

Griffiths, Kathleen M; Nakane, Yoshibumi; Christensen, Helen; Yoshioka, Kumiko; Jorm, Anthony F; Nakane, Hideyuki

doi:10.1186/1471-244x-6-21

Cited by 351 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…22,26,31 This divergence may suggest that students have an inflated view of public stigma and this finding may serve as an opening for future initiatives to focus on reducing levels of perceived public stigma. 26 The findings that over 90% of students would accept someone with a history of treatment for a mental illness as a close friend could be advertised as part of a social norms campaign to reduce perceived public stigma among students.…”

Section: Original Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma of mental illness and help-seeking intention in university students

et al. 2013

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Aims and method A cross-sectional study to ascertain levels of personal and perceived public mental illness stigma in a university student population and the association between the respective levels of stigma and help-seeking intention. An adaptation of the Discrimination-Devaluation scale was used.Results A total of 735 students participated in the study (response rate 77%). There were higher mean perceived public stigma levels than personal stigma levels. Perceived public stigma was not significantly associated with future non-help-seeking intention (odds ratio (OR) = 0.871, P = 0.428). Personal stigma was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of future help-seeking intention (OR = 1.44, P = 0.043). Being younger than 25, having no history of or treatment for mental illness and having no personal contact with someone with a history of mental illness were all associated with higher personal stigma levels.Clinical implications This study indicates that personal stigma as distinct from perceived public stigma is a significant barrier to mental health utilisation for a student population and future stigma reduction campaigns could strategically focus on this.Declaration of interest None.

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Section: Original Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stigma of mental illness and help-seeking intention in university students

et al. 2013

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“…For example, authoritarian attitudes toward people with mental illness have been found to be associated with higher social desirability, 21 while social desirability has been suggested to explain discrepancies between, for example, perceived stigma and personal stigma. 22,23 Link and Cullen 24 explain discrepancies between positive-reported attitudes and evidence of discrimination as the gap between ideal attitudes learned from experts, compared with deep attitudes that drive behaviour. Being interviewed face to face by someone may thus be more likely than answering an online survey to elicit ideal responses, especially if the interviewer is identified as affiliated with the expert group.…”

Section: Abbreviationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses to Mental Health Stigma Questions: The Importance of Social Desirability and Data Collection Method

et al. 2012

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Objective:To evaluate the impact on the general public of England's Time to Change program to reduce mental health-related stigma and discrimination using newly developed measures of knowledge and intended behaviour regarding people with mental health problems, and an established attitudes scale, and to investigate whether social desirability affects responses to the new measures and test whether this varies according to data collection method. Method:The Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS) and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS) were administered together with the 13-item version of the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale to 2 samples (each n = 196) drawn from the Time to Change mass media campaign target group; one group was interviewed face to face, while the other completed the measures as an online survey. Results:After controlling for other covariates, interaction terms between collection method and social desirability were positive for each instrument. The social desirability score was associated with the RIBS score in the face-to-face group only (β = 0.35, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.57), but not with the MAKS score in either group; however, MAKS scores were more likely to be positive when data were collected face to face (β = 1.53, 95% CI 0.74 to 2.32). Conclusions:Behavioural intentions toward people with mental health problems may be better assessed using online self-complete methods than in-person interviews. The effect of face-to-face interviewing on knowledge requires further investigation. W W WObjectif : Évaluer l'effet sur le grand public du programme Time to Change d'Angleterre visant à réduire la stigmatisation et la discrimination liées à la santé mentale à l'aide de mesures nouvellement élaborées des connaissances et des comportements intentionnels à l'égard des personnes souffrant de problèmes de santé mentale, et d'une échelle connue des attitudes ; et rechercher si la désirabilité sociale affecte les réponses aux nouvelles mesures et vérifier si cela varie selon la méthode de collecte de données.Méthode : Le questionnaire de connaissances en santé mentale (MAKS) et l'échelle d'évaluation des comportements intentionnels et rapportés (RIBS) ont été administrés conjointement avec la version en 13 items de l'échelle de désirabilité sociale de Marlowe-Crowne à 2 échantillons (n = 196 pour chacun) tirés du groupe cible de la campagne dans les médias de Time to Change. Un groupe a été interviewé en personne tandis que l'autre a répondu aux mesures par un sondage en ligne. Résultats :Après contrôle d'autres covariables, les termes d'interaction entre la méthode de collecte de données et la désirabilité sociale étaient positifs pour chaque instrument. Le score de désirabilité sociale était associé au score de RIBS seulement dans le groupe vu en personne (β = 0,35; IC à 95 % 0,14 à 0,57), mais pas au score de MAKS dans les 2 groupes; cependant, les scores de MAKS étaient plus susceptibles d'être positifs lorsque les données étaient recueillies en personne (β = 1,53; IC à 95 % 0,74 à 2,32).

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“…A great deal of research has been conducted measuring social attitudes, especially in psychiatric epidemiology. These studies indicated the following three characteristics of social attitudes: (a) persons with schizophrenia are the most stigmatized and less expected to live and socialize in communities with others compared to those with other mental health problems (Durand-Zaleski, Scott, Rouillon, & Leboyer, 2012;Griffiths et al, 2006;Lauber, Nordt, Falcato, & Rössler, 2004); (b) the perceived dangerousness of persons with mental health problems is a primordial factor leading to negative social attitudes and stereotypes, particularly related to schizophrenia (Angermeyer, 2003;Durand-Zaleski et al, 2012); (c) social attitudes and the degree of tolerance toward people with schizophrenia orients the outcomes of their disorder (Warner, 1994). Additionally, people with schizophrenia feel that they experience prejudice related to their perceived dangerousness (González-Torres, Oraa, Arístegui, Fernández-Rivas, & Guimon, 2007).…”

Section: The Importance Of Social Acceptancementioning

confidence: 99%

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

Higuchi¹

2015

ASS

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This paper explores the factors influencing social acceptance toward persons with schizophrenia by examining the effects of perceived dangerousness, having knowledge, and social instability and investigates these conditions in a cross-cultural comparison of Japan and Vietnam. Social distance scales and random sample survey questionnaires based on vignettes were used to reconstruct social acceptance in Japan (n = 488) and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam (n = 185). Structural equation modeling was applied to explore the relation between social acceptance, perceived dangerousness, beliefs in Western psychiatric treatments, contact with people with schizophrenia, and cohorts having grown up during the Vietnam War.In both countries, contact reduced the perceived dangerousness of persons with schizophrenia and increased their social acceptance. Beliefs in Western psychiatric treatments informed by education-based knowledge, however, intensified perceived dangerousness in Japan, but increased social acceptance in Vietnam. The effects of education-based knowledge emerge differently according to each society's mental health system history. The Vietnamese cohort born during the Vietnam War showed greater social acceptance than others, while no effects were observed in Japanese cohorts. Social instability seems to change social values and negative social attitudes related to schizophrenia.

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Stigma in response to mental disorders: a comparison of Australia and Japan

Cited by 351 publications

References 40 publications

Stigma of mental illness and help-seeking intention in university students

Stigma of mental illness and help-seeking intention in university students

Responses to Mental Health Stigma Questions: The Importance of Social Desirability and Data Collection Method

Dependence on Cultural Contexts of the Factors Influencing Social Acceptance toward Schizophrenia: Evidence from Comparative Study between Japan and Vietnam

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