Stigma, pandemics, and human biology: Looking back, looking forward

Brewis, Alexandra; Wutich, Amber; Mahdavi, Pardis

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23480

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, potentially deadly conditions, new diseases and illnesses without a known treatment or cure are other factors associated with an increased risk of experiencing stigmatisation. 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study

et al. 2020

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ObjectivesEssential healthcare workers (HCW) uniquely serve as both COVID-19 healers and, potentially, as carriers of SARS-CoV-2. We assessed COVID-19-related stigma and bullying against HCW controlling for social, psychological, medical and community variables.DesignWe nested an analytical cross-sectional study of COVID-19-related stigma and bullying among HCW within a larger mixed-methods effort assessing COVID-19-related lived experience and impact. Adjusted OR (aOR) and 95% CIs evaluated the association between working in healthcare settings and experience of COVID-19-related bullying and stigma, controlling for confounders. Thematic qualitative analysis provided insight into lived experience of COVID-19-related bullying.SettingWe recruited potential participants in four languages (English, Spanish, French, Italian) through Amazon Mechanical Turk’s online workforce and Facebook.ParticipantsOur sample included 7411 people from 173 countries who were aged 18 years or over.FindingsHCW significantly experienced more COVID-19-related bullying after controlling for the confounding effects of job-related, personal, geographic and sociocultural variables (aOR: 1.5; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.0). HCW more frequently believed that people gossip about others with COVID-19 (OR: 2.2; 95% CI 1.9 to 2.6) and that people with COVID-19 lose respect in the community (OR: 2.3; 95% CI 2.0 to 2.7), both which elevate bullying risk (OR: 2.7; 95% CI 2.3 to 3.2, and OR: 3.5; 95% CI 2.9 to 4.2, respectively). The lived experience of COVID-19-related bullying relates frequently to public identities as HCW traverse through the community, intersecting with other domains (eg, police, racism, violence).InterpretationAfter controlling for a range of confounding factors, HCW are significantly more likely to experience COVID-19-related stigma and bullying, often in the intersectional context of racism, violence and police involvement in community settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People who have suffered discrimination and stigma are at elevated risk for mental illness, including anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidality. 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study

et al. 2020

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“…Stigma is one of the important issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. The stigma associated with disease is occured because this disease is highly contagious, potentially deadly, and there is no known cure (Brewis et al, 2020). Similar to what happened in the early days of the pandemic in Indonesia, the public felt frightened because of the very fast transmission and the risk of death from Covid-19, while there was no treatment and vaccine for prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the informants believed that he was not infected with COVID-19 even though laboratory tests showed positive results for COVID-19. Rejection reactions to certain diseases are one of the efforts made by patients to avoid stigma (Brewis et al,2020). Informants who chose not to disclose their status assumed that the price they had to pay when they were open about their status was greater than the possible impact of hiding their status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social Support to Reduce Disease-Related Stigma: Lesson Learned from Corona Virus Disease-19

Khairunnisa¹,

Martiyana²,

Yunitawati³

et al. 2021

IJICC

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Stigma associated with COVID-19 is intense. One of the factors that can help in reducing stigma is social support. This research aims to explore stigma, efforts to deal with stigma, and support for people diagnosed with COVID-19. The research design is qualitative research using phenomenological approach and analyzed using thematic content analysis. Data collection was carried out in July-August 2020 through telephone interviews with eleven positive COVID-19 informants. Of the eleven informants who were COVID-19 positive, eight of them experienced stigma. Nonetheless, both stigmatized and non-stigmatized informants received social support. Friends and family are the main sources of support for stigmatized informants. Meanwhile, for non-stigmatized informants, the main support was obtained from the community. The results showed that social support can reduce or even eliminate stigma. The social support that comes from the community is the most influential in reducing stigma. From this research, public support is more efficient compared to individual support. When the community provides support together, the risk of stigma can be reduced. The results of this study can be used to prevent stigmatizing behavior by strengthening social support, especially community support.

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Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

and¹,

Orbann²

2023

A Companion to Biological Anthropology

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Stigma, pandemics, and human biology: Looking back, looking forward

Cited by 40 publications

References 38 publications

Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study

Risk of COVID-19-related bullying, harassment and stigma among healthcare workers: an analytical cross-sectional global study

Social Support to Reduce Disease-Related Stigma: Lesson Learned from Corona Virus Disease-19

Infectious Disease and Epidemiology

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