Stigma receptivity and effects of prior self‐pollination on seed set in tristylous <i>Lythrum salicaria</i> (Lythraceae)

Waites, Anna R.; Ågren, Jon

doi:10.3732/ajb.93.1.142

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Nevertheless, very few studies have experimentally assessed the effects of this mechanism on plant fi tness (e.g., Lloyd and Yates, 1982 ;Imbert and Richards, 1993 ;Nyman, 1993 ). Moreover, a clash of interests may exist because the proximity of pollen-receiving and pollen-donating surfaces could result in self-interference, i.e., a confl ict between male and female functions Ladd, 1994 ;Barrett, 2002 ), with subsequent detrimental effects on plant fi tness (e.g., Cesaro et al, 2004 ;Kawagoe and Suzuki, 2005 ;Waites and Ǻ gren, 2006). Several functional or adaptive fl oral traits, such as self-incompatibility, dichogamy, and herkogamy, have evolved to avoid or minimize the effects of self-interference and thus improve outcrossing rates Webb and Lloyd, 1986 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

How does secondary pollen presentation affect the fitness of Polygala vayredae (Polygalaceae)?

Castro

Silveira

Navarro

2008

American J of Botany

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Secondary pollen presentation is the relocation and presentation of pollen in floral structures (termed pollen presenters) other than the anthers. These pollen presenters are often found close to the stigma and have been hypothesized to increase the accuracy of pollen transfer, although no experimental studies have been done. We examined the function of the pollen presenter and its efficiency in pollen dispersal, female fitness, and the degree of interference created by self-pollen in the shrublet Polygala vayredae, an insect-pollinated species with secondary pollen presentation. Herkogamy, a mechanism generally involved in the reduction of self-interference, was also evaluated. Significant pollen was lost (49% of total pollen) during the secondary relocation in the pollen presenter. However, pollen was exported from the pollen presenter, and subsequent pollen losses were similar to those in species with primary pollen presentation. Despite the presence of a self-incompatibility system, the numbers of developed pollen tubes as well as fruit and seed production were significantly reduced by the self-pollen interference created at the stigmatic papillae level. The extent of herkogamy correlated positively with female fitness. The secondary pollen presentation mechanism may in fact be an accurate system for pollen transport, but it may also have its costs. Further comparative studies involving species with primary and secondary pollen presentation are needed to fully understand the advantages and disadvantages of secondary pollen presentation.

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How does secondary pollen presentation affect the fitness of Polygala vayredae (Polygalaceae)?

Castro

Silveira

Navarro

2008

American J of Botany

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“…Lythrum salicaria flowers for 6-8 weeks in July and August, and the seeds mature 6-8 weeks after flowering (Olsson and Ågren 2002). In the study area, L. salicaria flowers are visited mainly by bumble bees, but also by solitary bees, honey bees, syrphid flies, and Lepidoptera (Waites and Ågren 2004;Ågren, unpublished data).…”

Section: Study Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivory strongly influences among-population variation in reproductive output of Lythrum salicaria in its native range

et al. 2015

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Herbivory can negatively affect several components of plant reproduction. Yet, because of a lack of experimental studies involving multiple populations, the extent to which differences in herbivory contribute to among-population variation in plant reproductive success is poorly known. We experimentally determined the effects of insect herbivory on reproductive output in nine natural populations of the perennial herb Lythrum salicaria along a disturbance gradient in an archipelago in northern Sweden, and we quantified among-population differentiation in resistance to herbivory in a common-garden experiment in the same area. The intensity of leaf herbivory varied >500-fold and mean female reproductive success >400-fold among the study populations. The intensity of herbivory was lowest in populations subject to strong disturbance from ice and wave action. Experimental removal of insect herbivores showed that the effect of herbivory on female reproductive success was correlated with the intensity of herbivory and that differences in insect herbivory could explain much of the among-population variation in the proportion of plants flowering and seed production. Population differentiation in resistance to herbivory was limited. The results demonstrate that the intensity of herbivory is a major determinant of flowering and seed output in L. salicaria, but that differences in herbivory are not associated with differences in plant resistance at the spatial scale examined. They further suggest that the physical disturbance regime may strongly influence the performance and abundance of perennial herbs and patterns of selection not only because of its effect on interspecific competition, but also because of effects on interactions with specialized herbivores.

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“…1). The flowering period of a flower for all morphs lasts about a day, but the receptivity period of a stigma is referred to be somewhat longer in SS-morph [20]. The SS-morph is characterized by the shortest period of the individual flowering, while the longest flowering period is revealed for MS-morph (Tab.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Darwin [8] are: a) equal proportion of long-styled (LS), middle-styled (MS) and short-styled (SS) individuals in the population; b) anther, pollen and stigma trimorphism; c) high value of seed and capsule production under the legitimate pollination and low seed and capsule production under the illegitimate pollination. Some of these features were confirmed and more accurately studied lately [1,2,15,20]. Nevertheless, some recent researches did not mention any differences between three morphs in the flower and inflorescence structure [6], the flowering time [16], sporoderm development [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Flowering dynamics in the trimorphic species of Lythrum salicaria L. (Lythraceae)

Odintsova¹,

Bilyk²,

Motiuk³

2015

Biol. Stud.

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Flowering in the population of Lythrum salicaria in the Yavorivskiy district of Lviv region lasts for about 70 days from the end of June till the beginning of September. Flowering period of the long-styled individuals lasts 30 days, middle-styled indivi duals -32 days, and short-styled individuals -26 days. In the studied population, the ratio of flowering plants of different morphs changes in time: flowering long-styled individuals prevail at the beginning of the population flowering, middle-styled indivi duals -at the time of mass flowering and short-styled individuals -at the end of flowering period. The percentage of dominant flowering morph in each phase of the population flowering can reach about 70 %. The prevalence of the middle-styled morph during mass flowering and the longest flowering period seem to be the features responsible for maximal seed production of this morph and for the highest chance to be cross-and self-pollinated. Short flowering period of the short-styled morph and its prevalence at the end of the flowering in population could be regarded as the features enhancing autogamy and also is responsible for the lowest seed production. The differentiated flowering dynamics of the morphs is considered to be the mode which optimizes the legitimate pollination of each morph in the defined phases of the flowering period.

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Stigma receptivity and effects of prior self‐pollination on seed set in tristylous Lythrum salicaria (Lythraceae)

Cited by 20 publications

References 51 publications

How does secondary pollen presentation affect the fitness of Polygala vayredae (Polygalaceae)?

How does secondary pollen presentation affect the fitness of Polygala vayredae (Polygalaceae)?

Herbivory strongly influences among-population variation in reproductive output of Lythrum salicaria in its native range

Flowering dynamics in the trimorphic species of Lythrum salicaria L. (Lythraceae)

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