Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses

Crisp, A. H.; Gelder, Michael; Rix, Susannah; Meltzer, Howard; Rowlands, Olwen J.

doi:10.1192/bjp.177.1.4

Cited by 1,281 publications

(1,153 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Although acknowledged to be a consequential problem for sufferers of mental illness (51), stigmatization was relatively infrequently reported in this study, a finding supported by other work in the developed world (24). One explanation for this might be that stigmatization leads patients to conceal their illness from relatives and acquaintances rather than serving as a deterrent to seeking treatment (52).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Barriers to Mental Health Care and Predictors of Treatment Dropout in the South African Stress and Health Study

Bruwer

Sorsdahl²,

Harrison³

et al. 2011

Psychiatric Services

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Objective This study used data from the South African Stress and Health Study (SASH) to examine both structural and attitudinal barriers to treatment initiation among South Africans with mental disorders and to investigate predictors of treatment dropout. Methods Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 4,315 adult South Africans living in households or hostel quarters. The interview included a core diagnostic assessment of past-12-month mental disorders and assessments of disorder severity, service use, and barriers to treatment. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of not seeking treatment in relation to disorder severity and sociodemographic characteristics, as well as factors that were predictive of premature treatment discontinuation by participants who had received mental health treatment in the previous 12 months. Predictors of dropout were identified by cross-tabulation and discrete-time survival analysis. Results Of the 4,315 adults, 729 (16.9% weighted) met criteria for a mental disorder in the past 12 months. Across all levels of severity, the most frequently cited reason for not seeking professional treatment was a low perceived need for treatment. Among those who recognized the need but did not access treatment during the past 12 months (7.2%), attitudinal barriers to treatment seeking were reported more commonly than structural barriers (100% and 34%, respectively). Of the 182 respondents who received treatment (25% weighted), 20% discontinued prematurely. Various factors, such as substance use disorders and absence of health insurance, increased the odds of treatment dropout. Conclusions Low rates of treatment seeking and high treatment dropout rates for common mental disorders among South Africans are a major concern. Public health efforts to improve treatment of mental disorders should consider the multiple influences on treatment initiation and discontinuation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Barriers to Mental Health Care and Predictors of Treatment Dropout in the South African Stress and Health Study

Bruwer

Sorsdahl²,

Harrison³

et al. 2011

Psychiatric Services

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given the possibility of paradoxical effects (Corrigan & Penn, 1999), information was delivered in a non-confrontational manner. The condition covered the definition of stigma, diagnostic classifications of common psychological disorders and their prevalence (from Kessler, et al, 1994), and common stigmatizing attitudes toward people with ACT, Education, and Stigma 8 psychological disorders (from Crisp et al, 2000). The social consequences of these attitudes (from Corrigan & Penn, 1999;Link, 1987;Penn & Martin, 1998: Perlick, Rosenheck, Clarkin, Sirey, Salahi, Struening, et al, 2001 were explored and less stigmatizing information was provided.…”

Section: Acceptance and Commitment Training (Act)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By increasing the perceived sense of shared psychological experiences with the stigmatized (e.g., inevitability of psychological struggles in life), ACT attempts to undermine the impact of perceived sense of us vs. them, a major characteristic of stigmatization (e.g., Link & Phelan, 2000;Crisp, et al, 2000).…”

Section: Act Education and Stigma 12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of acceptance and commitment therapy versus education on stigma toward people with psychological disorders

Masuda

Hayes

Fletcher

et al. 2007

Behaviour Research and Therapy

134

115

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“…Studies of stigma have found high levels of stigmatization of alcoholics. [13][14][15] Moreover, alcoholics tend to be perceived as responsible for their alcoholism compared to those with other mental illnesses. 13 Stigma toward alcoholics has been shown to influence healthseeking behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13][14][15] Moreover, alcoholics tend to be perceived as responsible for their alcoholism compared to those with other mental illnesses. 13 Stigma toward alcoholics has been shown to influence healthseeking behavior. The results from the 2004-2005 National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions indicated that among individuals with a lifetime history of alcohol use disorders, those who reported higher levels of stigma toward alcoholics were less likely to report use of alcohol treatment services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

et al. 2012

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There is growing awareness of the role of stigma and discrimination in HIV prevention, testing, and medical care. Yet, few studies have examined the stigma associated with using illicit drugs. In the present study, we examined the relationship between social network characteristics, drug user stigma, and depression. Study participants were comprised of 340 individuals who reported cocaine, crack, and/or heroin use in the prior 6 months and were involved in an HIV prevention study. They were recruited through street outreach, referrals, and word of mouth in inner-city Baltimore, MD, USA. The stigma scale was comprised of eight items, such as "how much do you feel ashamed of using drugs?" Depression was assessed with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, using cutoffs of 16 and 20 or greater. In the bivariate analyses, gender, homelessness in the past 6 months, drug user stigma, larger size of drug network, and current use of heroin, cocaine, and crack were all significantly associated with high levels of depression, whereas in the multivariate analyses, only drug user stigma remained significantly associated with depression. The results of this study suggest that drug treatment providers and other professionals who provide services to drug users should consider developing trainings to address drug user stigma. These programs should focus on the attitudes and behaviors of health and service providers toward drug users, among drug users themselves, and among family members and others who provide social support to drug users.

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Stigmatisation of people with mental illnesses

Cited by 1,281 publications

References 12 publications

Barriers to Mental Health Care and Predictors of Treatment Dropout in the South African Stress and Health Study

Barriers to Mental Health Care and Predictors of Treatment Dropout in the South African Stress and Health Study

Impact of acceptance and commitment therapy versus education on stigma toward people with psychological disorders

The Relationship between Drug User Stigma and Depression among Inner-City Drug Users in Baltimore, MD

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