Stimulant-like action of nicotine on striatal dopamine transporter in the brain of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Krause, Klaus-Henning; Dresel, S.; Krause, J.; Kung, Hank F.; Tatsch, Klaus; Ackenheil, Manfred

doi:10.1017/s1461145702002821

Cited by 84 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Other functional imaging studies of the DA system have reported decreased D1 receptor density (Dagher et al, 2001), increased 18 F-DOPA uptake (a marker for increased DA turnover) (Salokangas et al, 2000a), and both decreased (Krause et al, 2002) and no alterations (Staley et al, 2001) in dopamine transporter binding in smokers.…”

Section: Brain Dopamine Responses To Nicotine and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Brody

2006

Journal of Psychiatric Research

176

136

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While most cigarette smokers endorse a desire to quit smoking, only about 14% to 49% will achieve abstinence after 6 months or more of treatment. A greater understanding of the effects of smoking on brain function may (in conjunction with other lines of research) result in improved pharmacological (and behavioral) interventions. Many research groups have examined the effects of acute and chronic nicotine/cigarette exposure on brain activity using functional imaging; the purpose of this paper is to synthesize findings from such studies and present a coherent model of brain function in smokers. Responses to acute administration of nicotine/smoking include: a reduction in global brain activity; activation of the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and visual system; activation of the thalamus and visual cortex during visual cognitive tasks; and increased dopamine (DA) concentration in the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens. Responses to chronic nicotine/cigarette exposure include decreased monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B activity in the basal ganglia and a reduction in α 4 β 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) availability in the thalamus and putamen. Taken together, these findings indicate that smoking enhances neurotransmission through cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits either by direct stimulation of nAChRs, indirect stimulation via DA release or MAO inhibition, or a combination of these factors. Activation of this circuitry may be responsible for the effects of smoking seen in tobacco dependent subjects, such as improvements in attentional performance, mood, anxiety, and irritability.

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Section: Brain Dopamine Responses To Nicotine and Smokingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Brody

2006

Journal of Psychiatric Research

176

136

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“…A marked decrease of striatal DAT has been observed in nicotine-dependent ADHD patients 78 . It is of particular interest to note that various dopaminergically and noradrenergically effective drugs, such as bupropione, nortriptylene and moclobemide, are effective and beneficial in both the treatment of nicotine dependence and in ADHD 45 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol and drug dependence in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Data from Germany

et al. 2011

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-Background and Objectives:The objective of the present study was to obtain information about the prevalence of addiction disorders in ADHD patients in a German study population, to compare the prevalence of addiction disorders in ADHD patients to that in the normal population according to the German Epidemiological Addiction Survey, and to determine which drugs are consumed most by ADHD patients.Participants: The sample consisted of 61 patients (average age 35.11 ± 9.33 years) from our ADHD consultation who were consecutively included in our study over a period of 12 months.Measurements: We diagnosed ADHD according to DSM-IV-R and by assessing the WURS-k, CAARS and BROWN ADD scales. For diagnosing addiction we conducted the EuropASI, the IDCL, the QOD and the FTNA. For differential diagnosis we assessed the SCL-K.Results: About half of our study population of ADHD patients were diagnosed with a dependence disorder (50.8%, n = 31). Twenty one dot three percent (n = 13) were suffering from an alcohol dependence, 13.1% (n = 8) from a substance use disorder (SUD) and 18% (n = 11) from a combination of both addictions. The drug consumed most commonly by ADHD pa-ALCOHOL AND DRUG DEPENDENCE IN ADULTS WITH ATTENTION-DEFICIT... 151

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“…Smoking is possibly used as a resource to improve attention and cognition processes. (48,51) As an example, the administration of nicotine patches in nonsmokers with ADD improves cognitive functioning. (52) Comorbidity between ADD and abuse of or dependence on psychoactive substances in general is also high.…”

Section: Smoking and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the literature suggests that multiple factors, including personality characteristics, as well as genetic and neurobiological determinants, can mediate the interface between smoking and ADD. (48,49) Tobacco consumption during pregnancy can constitute a risk factor for the subsequent appearance of this problem in the affected child. (50,53,54) In view of this, we can infer that it is fundamental to provide educational programs for pregnant women in order to make them aware of the multiple risks of smoking during pregnancy.…”

Section: Smoking and Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(47) An increasing number of studies have been developed in an attempt to elucidate the causes of this relationship. (48)(49)(50) One of the hypotheses is that tobacco consumption in individuals with ADD results from behavior is also mediated by the psychosocial and sociocultural context. It is supposed that genetic and neurobiological factors, interacting with psychosocial/sociocultural dynamics, simultaneously influence the principal personality dimensions of the individual and the predisposition to smoking/ psychopathological profiles.…”

Section: Smoking and Attention Deficit Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Características psicológicas associadas ao comportamento de fumar tabaco

2007

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This article is a literature review of the psychological aspects of smoking behavior, highlighting personality characteristics of the smoker as an obstacle to smoking cessation. It describes the relationship between smoking behavior and personality, and between smoking and the principal psychiatric disorders. Studies reveal that smokers tend to be more extroverted, anxious, tense, and impulsive, and show more traits of neuroticism and psychoticism than do ex-smokers or nonsmokers. The literature also reveals a strong association between smoking and mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and depression. Understanding the psychological factors associated with tobacco smoking and dependence can further the development and improvement of therapeutic strategies to be used in smoking-cessation programs, as well as of programs aimed at prevention and education. return to levels similar to those observed in controls. Excessive weight gain generally follows alterations in behavior and personality patterns, frequently manifested as depression, abstention, self-punishment, irritability, and aggression. Weight gain, together with increased stress, intensifies the impulse to eat, perpetuating the vicious cycle. At the moment, the three most widely accepted theories to explain the relationship between smoking and body weight are as follows: a) increased metabolic rate, with greater energy expenditure by smokers; b) differences in quality and quantity of food intake by smokers; c) appetite loss, via nicotine. (4,5) In this review article, emphasizing the personality profile of the smoker as an important obstacle to cessation, we describe the relationship between smoking and personality and, subsequently, the relationship between smoking and the principal psychiatric disorders. Smoking and personalityMost studies on the relationship between smoking and personality characteristics, in recent decades, were carried out according to the theoretical model proposed in 1967. (6) According to this approach, there are three predominant dimensions of character or personality supposedly related to smoking: extroversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism.The extroversion dimension comprises factors such as sociability, assertiveness, positive emotions, vivacity, and activity level. (7) It has been hypothesized that there is a relationship between extroversion and smoking. (6) In line with this interpretation, extroverts and introverts differ as to the level of necessary stimulation for their well-being. At equivalent stimulation levels, extroverts will be characterized by low cortical excitation, and introverts by high cortical excitation. At a medium level of stimulation, at which most daily activities occur, extroverts will more likely feel little stimulated, whereas introverts will feel highly stimulated. Since they operate below their ideal level of cortical excitation, extroverts might try to change their external environment through increased activity, or might try to change their internal environment by ingesting substances, su...

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Stimulant-like action of nicotine on striatal dopamine transporter in the brain of adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 84 publications

References 13 publications

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Alcohol and drug dependence in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Data from Germany

Características psicológicas associadas ao comportamento de fumar tabaco

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