Stimulated acoustic emission: pseudo-Doppler shifts seen during the destruction of nonmoving microbubbles

Tiemann, Klaus; Pohl, Christoph; Schlosser, Thomas; Goenechea, Jon; Bruce, Matthew; Veltmann, Christian; Kuntz, Stefanie; Bangard, M.; Becher, Harald

doi:10.1016/s0301-5629(00)00261-1

Cited by 56 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Inertial cavitation, which is characterized by broadband acoustic emissions from inertially collapsing microbubbles, has been shown to facilitate ablation of cancerous tissue (Coussios et al 2007) and delivery of genes into tissue through extravasation (Bazan-Peregrino et al 2012). Acoustically-induced rapid destruction of UCA contrast and the resultant acoustic emissions of inertially collapsing microbubbles have been exploited in imaging techniques such as the stimulated acoustic emissions imaging technique (SAE) (Tiemann et al 2000), flash echo imaging (Kamiyama et al 1999), and destruction-reperfusion imaging (Wei et al 1998) to improve delineation of regions with poor contrast. Ultrasound-induced UCA destruction at high mechanical indices (MI > 0.4) can also trigger inertial cavitation near cellular membranes resulting in microvascular damage, cellular apoptosis and petechial hemorrhage (Miller et al 2008, Skyba et al 1998, Miller and Dou 2004, Chen et al 2003a, Samuel et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between cavitation and loss of echogenicity from ultrasound contrast agents

et al. 2013

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Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) have the potential to nucleate cavitation and promote both beneficial and deleterious bioeffects in vivo. Previous studies have elucidated the pulse-duration dependent pressure amplitude threshold for rapid loss of echogenicity due to UCA fragmentation. Previous studies have demonstrated that UCA fragmentation was concomitant with inertial cavitation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between stable and inertial cavitation thresholds and loss of echogenicity of UCAs as a function of pulse duration. Determining the relationship between cavitation thresholds and loss of echogenicity of UCAs would enable monitoring of cavitation based upon the on-screen echogenicity in clinical applications. Two lipid-shelled UCAs, echogenic liposomes (ELIP) and Definity®, were insonified by a clinical ultrasound scanner in duplex spectral Doppler mode at four pulse durations (“sample volumes”) in both a static system and a flow system. Cavitation emissions from the UCAs insonified by Doppler pulses were recorded using a passive cavitation detection system and stable and inertial cavitation thresholds ascertained. Loss of echogenicity from ELIP and Definity® was assessed within regions of interest on B-mode images. A numerical model based on UCA rupture predicted the functional form of the loss of echogenicity from ELIP and Definity®. Stable and inertial cavitation thresholds were found to have a weak dependence on pulse duration. Stable cavitation thresholds were lower than inertial cavitation thresholds. The power of cavitation emissions was an exponential function of the loss of echogenicity over the investigated range of acoustic pressures. Both ELIP and Definity® lost more than 80% echogenicity before the onset of stable or inertial cavitation. Once this level of echogenicity loss occurred, both stable and inertial cavitation were detected in the physiologic flow phantom. These results imply that stable and inertial cavitation are necessary in order to trigger complete loss of echogenicity acoustically from UCAs and this finding can be used when planning diagnostic and therapeutic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between cavitation and loss of echogenicity from ultrasound contrast agents

et al. 2013

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“…Tienmann [64] observed that in Harmonic Power Doppler Imaging the rupture leads to the appearance of distributed pixels with random noise while in color Doppler there are pixels with different colors, in contrast to the monochromatic background. This finding is consistent with our results for single bubbles as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of microbubbles in Doppler ultrasound studies

Tortoli

Guidi

Mori

et al. 2008

Med Biol Eng Comput

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Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) are widely used in Doppler studies, either for simple echo enhancement purposes, or to increase the low signal-to-clutter ratio typical of microcirculation investigations. Common to all Doppler techniques, which are briefly reviewed in this paper, is the basic assumption that possible phase and amplitude changes in received echoes are only associated with UCA microbubble movements due to the drag force of blood. Actually, when UCAs are insonified, phenomena such as rupture, displacement due to radiation force, and acoustically driven deflation might influence the results of Doppler investigations. In this paper, we investigate the possible Doppler effects of such phenomena by means of a numerical simulation model and a special acousto-optical set-up which allows analysis of the behavior of individual microbubbles over relatively long time intervals. It is thus found that all phenomena produce evident Doppler effects in vitro, but that bubble displacement and deflation in particular, are not expected to significantly interfere with clinical measurements in standard conditions.

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“…In perfusion measurements a rapid and defined destruction of the contrast agent is essential for correct measurements [3]. For quantitative imaging of microbubbles, signal intensity of Doppler images can be evaluated [4]. Doppler imaging of contrast agent destruction has been employed in several medical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The so called Stimulated Acoustic Emission effect relies on the decorrelation of Doppler signals. Destruction modifies the acoustic response of the bubbles so that these are detected and displayed as colored spots in the Doppler image [4,11]. Even individual bubble destruction can be displayed with this technique [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of bubble interaction on contrast agent destruction behaviour under repeated insonation

Siepmann

Mienkina

Schmitz

2009

2009 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

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The controllable destruction of ultrasound contrast agents plays an important role in quantitative molecular imaging, perfusion estimation, and drug delivery applications. In general, repeated insonation is required to destroy all microbubbles (MB) present. It is expected that MB destruction will depend on MB concentration due to MB interaction and varying attenuation. While attenuation is expected to reduce destruction rates for high concentrations, microbubble interaction may lead to the increased destruction of bubbles during a single pulse sequence. Therefore, we investigate the dependency of the rate of destruction events on the concentration of hard shelled MB to analyze the influence of microbubble interaction. To immobilize the MB during the repeated insonation, microbubbles were embedded in gelatine. Destruction events of single, stationary bubbles can be visualized in Doppler images. This allows the quantification of events in a sequence of frames and thus offers a possibility to analyze destruction rates. Four phantoms with concentrations ranging from 6·10 4 to 1.5·10 6 MB/ml were imaged with a Vevo770 system and a RMV 707B scanhead (Visualsonics) in Power Doppler mode. From the total number of colored pixels the number of destruction events was calculated. These were then normalized to the total number of events for a frame sequence to allow comparison of the different concentrations. The results show that the relative decrease of destruction events is slower for lower concentrations. Thus, the results indicate that for high concentrations the destruction threshold of MBs is lowered by neighbouring bubbles.

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Stimulated acoustic emission: pseudo-Doppler shifts seen during the destruction of nonmoving microbubbles

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Relationship between cavitation and loss of echogenicity from ultrasound contrast agents

Relationship between cavitation and loss of echogenicity from ultrasound contrast agents

The use of microbubbles in Doppler ultrasound studies

Effect of bubble interaction on contrast agent destruction behaviour under repeated insonation

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