Stimulated Brillouin scattering slow light in optical fibers [Invited]

Zadok, Avi; Eyal, Avishay; Tur, Moshe

doi:10.1364/ao.50.000e38

Cited by 99 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(183 reference statements)

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“…In addition, dynamic gratings may provide 'movable mirrors', thereby introducing a new potential platform for all-optical variable group delay [18,25]. Dynamic gratings-based delay could be free of the delay-bandwidth product limitations that undermine the performance of so-called SBS slow-light systems [26][27][28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized and stationary dynamic gratings via stimulated Brillouin scattering with phase modulated pumps

Antman¹,

Primerov²,

Sancho³

et al. 2012

Opt. Express

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A novel technique for the localization of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) interaction is proposed, analyzed and demonstrated experimentally. The method relies on the phase modulation of two counterpropagating optical waves by a common pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS), these waves being spectrally detuned by the Brillouin frequency shift. The PRBS symbol duration is much shorter than the acoustic lifetime. The interference between the two modulated waves gives rise to an acoustic grating that is confined to narrow correlation peaks, as short as 1.7 cm. The separation between neighboring peaks, which is governed by the PRBS length, can be made arbitrarily long. The method is demonstrated in the generation and applications of dynamic gratings in polarization maintaining (PM) fibers. Localized and stationary acoustic gratings are induced by two phase modulated pumps that are polarized along one principal axis of the PM fiber, and interrogated by a third, readout wave which is polarized along the orthogonal axis. Using the proposed technique, we demonstrate the variable delay of 1 ns-long readout pulses by as much as 770 ns. Noise due to reflections from residual off-peak gratings and its implications on the potential variable delay of optical communication data are discussed. The method is equally applicable to the modulation of pump and probe waves in SBS over standard fibers. ©2012 Optical Society of America References and links1. R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, 3rd edition, (Academic Press, 2008). 2. T. Kurashima, T. Horiguchi, and M. Tateda, "Distributed-temperature sensing using stimulated Brillouin scattering in optical silica fibers," Opt. Lett. 15(18), 1038-1040 (1990). 3. T. Horiguchi, T. Kurashima, and M. Tateda, "A technique to measure distributed strain in optical fibers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 2(5), 352-354 (1990). 4. X. Bao, D. J. Webb, and D. A. Jackson, "22-km distributed temperature sensor using Brillouin gain in an optical fiber," Opt. Lett. 18(7), 552-554 (1993). 5. M. Niklès, L. Thévenaz, and P. A. Robert, "Simple distributed fiber sensor based on Brillouin gain spectrum analysis," Opt. Lett. 21(10), 758-760 (1996). 6. T. Horiguchi and M. Tateda, "Optical-fiber-attenuation investigation using stimulated Brillouin scattering between a pulse and a continuous wave," Opt. Lett. 14(8), 408-410 (1989). 7. A. Fellay, L. Thevenaz, M. Facchini, M. Nikles, and P. Robert, "Distributing sensing using stimulated Brillouin scattering: Toward ultimate resolution," in

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized and stationary dynamic gratings via stimulated Brillouin scattering with phase modulated pumps

Antman¹,

Primerov²,

Sancho³

et al. 2012

Opt. Express

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“…One is material slow light, which occurs in dispersive media and involves electronic resonant characteristics. The light dispersion is changed by controlling losses and gain, including electromagnetically induced transparency [1][2][3] , coherent population oscillation [4][5][6] , stimulated Brillouin scattering [7] , stimulated Raman scattering, [8] and photorefractive Downloaded by [University of Otago] at 18:12 08 October 2015 2 effects [9] . The other approach is structural slow light, which takes advantage of optical properties of dispersive structures, such as Fabry-Perot cavities [10] , photonic crystals [11] , and coupled resonant cavities [12] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of slow light from coupled fiber ring resonators

Liu

Wang

et al. 2015

Instrumentation Science & Technology

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This paper optimizes the conditions for the formation of slow light produced by coupled fiber ring resonators. Investigated parameters include the number of rings, ring length, splitting ratio of couplers, and ring losses. The optimized parameters included two rings in the resonator, equal length of the rings, and splitting ratios of 90:10 and 50:50 for the couplers. Under these conditions, a slow light delay time of 32.0668 ns was achieved, which corresponds to a group velocity of 3.43 10 7 m/s.

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“…A delay-bandwidth product of over 100,000 was demonstrated using wavelength conversion and propagation through long sections of dispersive fibers [11,12]. Alternatively, 'slow light' methods such as those based on SBS can be realized with shorter fiber sections and with no wavelength change [13,14]. However the delaybandwidth product of such methods is restricted to the order of unity [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable delay of Gbit/s data using coded Brillouin dynamic gratings

et al. 2014

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Dynamic Brillouin gratings (DBGs), inscribed by co-modulating two writing pump waves with a bi-phase code, are analyzed theoretically, simulated numerically, demonstrated and characterized experimentally. A comparison is made between modulation by pseudo-random bit sequences (PRBS) and perfect Golomb codes. Numerical analysis shows that Golomb codes provide lower off-peak reflectivity, due to the unique properties of their cyclic auto-correlation function. Golomb coded DBGs can therefor allow for the long variable delay of one-time probe waveforms with higher signal-tonoise ratios, and without averaging. A figure of merit is proposed, in terms of the optical signal-to-noise ratio of reflected waveforms and the delay-bandwidth product of the setup. As an example, the variable delay of return-to-zero, on-off keyed data at 1 Gbit/s rate, by as much as 10 ns, is successfully demonstrated. The eye diagram of the reflected waveform remains open, whereas PRBS modulation of the pump waves results in a closed eye.

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Stimulated Brillouin scattering slow light in optical fibers [Invited]

Cited by 99 publications

References 109 publications

Localized and stationary dynamic gratings via stimulated Brillouin scattering with phase modulated pumps

Localized and stationary dynamic gratings via stimulated Brillouin scattering with phase modulated pumps

Characteristics of slow light from coupled fiber ring resonators

Variable delay of Gbit/s data using coded Brillouin dynamic gratings

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