Stimulated Raman crosstalk in bi-directional pumped distributed Raman amplifier for DPSK and OOK modulation format

The steady SRS analysis theory of DWDM transmission system in single-mode silica fiber

“…The DWDM scheme has been a research focus because of its many advantages in terms of cost and performance [3][4][5][6]. The nonlinear effects and dispersion in transmission system are increasingly obvious with the increase of the transmission rate and the decrease of the channel spacing [7].…”

“…The nonlinear effects and dispersion in transmission system are increasingly obvious with the increase of the transmission rate and the decrease of the channel spacing [7]. Stimulated Raman scattering is one such nonlinear effect which causes power transfer from a short wavelength to a long wavelength, and this limits the system performance [3]. Raman scattering was discovered by Raman in 1928.…”

“…, and z ( ) 3 ᾱ are defined as the equivalent attenuation coefficients when the initial signal power is given respectively by 1 mW, 10 mW, and 100 mW. In ᾱ has priorities to achieve the stability when the inter-channel spacing is set to 0.8 nm.…”