Stimulating parietal regions of the multiple-demand cortex impairs novel vocabulary learning

Śliwińska, Magdalena; Elson, Ryan; Pitcher, David

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108047

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Given that the effects of TMS can last up to 50 min ( Wischnewski & Schutter, 2015 ), within-subject designs are commonly utilized in TMS research (e.g., Sakai et al, 2002 ; Schuhmann et al, 2009 ; Sliwinska et al, 2021 ; Uddén et al, 2017 ; Ward et al, 2022 ), which typically involves participants completing the task across two separate visits. In addition, according to a previous meta-study, the within-subject design showed greater statistical power than the between-subject design in the TMS studies ( Qu et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation on the Left Posterior Inferior Frontal Gyrus Perturbs Complex Syntactic Processing Stability in Mandarin Chinese

Wu,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Neurobiology of Language

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The structure of human language is inherently hierarchical.The left posterior inferior frontal gyrus (LpIFG) is proposed to be a core region for constructing syntactic hierarchies. However, it remains unclear whether LpIFG plays a causal role in syntactic processing in Mandarin Chinese and whether its contribution depends on syntactic complexity, working memory, or both. We addressed these questions by applying inhibitory continuous theta-burst stimulation (cTBS) over LpIFG.Thirty-two participants processed sentences containing embedded relative clauses (i.e., complex syntactic processing), syntactically simpler coordinated sentences (i.e., simple syntactic processing), and non-hierarchical word lists (i.e., word list processing) after receiving real or sham cTBS. We found that cTBS significantly increased the coefficient of variation (CV), a representative index of processing stability, in complex syntactic processing (esp., when subject relative clause was embedded) but not in the other two conditions. No significant changes in d'and reaction time (RT) were detected in these conditions. The findings suggest that (a) inhibitory effect of cTBS on the left pIFG might be prominent in perturbing the complex syntactic processing stability but subtle in altering the processing quality; (b) the causal role of the LpIFG seems to be specific for syntactic processing rather than working memory capacity, further evidencing their separability in LpIFG.Collectively, these results support the notion of the LpIFG as a core region for complex syntactic processing across languages.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation on the Left Posterior Inferior Frontal Gyrus Perturbs Complex Syntactic Processing Stability in Mandarin Chinese

Wu,

Cheng,

et al. 2024

Neurobiology of Language

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“…The MDC is especially active during tasks that require learning (Duncan and Owen 2000;Ruge and Wolfensteller 2016). For example, stimulation of MDC regions (using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) substantially enhances word learning (Fiori et al 2018;Sliwinska et al 2021;Sliwinska et al 2017). It has been argued that MDC facilitates learning through the orchestration of domain-specific networks Schneider 2005, 2012;Uddin 2015) while also serving as an attentional modulator of tasks (Walsh et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Early Bilingual Experience Associated with Greater Fluid Intelligence in Adults?

D’Souza

Dakhch

2022

Languages

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Emerging evidence suggests that early bilingual experience constrains the development of attentional processes in infants, and that some of these early bilingual adaptations could last into adulthood. However, it is not known whether the early adaptations in the attentional domain alter more general cognitive abilities. If they do, then we would expect that bilingual adults who learned their second language early in life would score more highly across cognitive tasks than bilingual adults who learned their second language later in life. To test this hypothesis, 170 adult participants were administered a well-established (non-verbal) measure of fluid intelligence: Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM). Fluid intelligence (the ability to solve novel reasoning problems, independent of acquired knowledge) is highly correlated with numerous cognitive abilities across development. Performance on the RAPM was greater in bilinguals than monolinguals, and greater in ‘early bilinguals’ (adults who learned their second language between 0–6 years) than ‘late bilinguals’ (adults who learned their second language after age 6 years). The groups did not significantly differ on a proxy of socioeconomic status. These results suggest that the difference in fluid intelligence between bilinguals and monolinguals is not a consequence of bilingualism per se, but of early adaptive processes. However, the finding may depend on how bilingualism is operationalized, and thus needs to be replicated with a larger sample and more detailed measures.

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Disentangling neuroplasticity mechanisms in post-stroke language recovery

Billot,

Kiran

2024

Brain and Language

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Stimulating parietal regions of the multiple-demand cortex impairs novel vocabulary learning

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation on the Left Posterior Inferior Frontal Gyrus Perturbs Complex Syntactic Processing Stability in Mandarin Chinese

Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation on the Left Posterior Inferior Frontal Gyrus Perturbs Complex Syntactic Processing Stability in Mandarin Chinese

Is Early Bilingual Experience Associated with Greater Fluid Intelligence in Adults?

Disentangling neuroplasticity mechanisms in post-stroke language recovery

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