Stimulation of Ethylene Production in Apple Tissue Slices by Methionine

Lieberman, Morris; Kunishi, Alice T.; Mapson, L. W.; Wardale, D. A.

doi:10.1104/pp.41.3.376

Cited by 197 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Plants continually exposed to 40 C produced very little ethylene, and required several hr at cooler temperatures to recover ethylene-synthesizing capacity (10,14). Substrate availability was not limiting, since ethylene production by apple tissue fed methionine was also severely inhibited at 40 C (16). In general, ethylene production is reduced at temperatures above 35 C, and completely prevented at 40 C (1,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Saltveit¹,

Dilley²

1978

Plant Physiol.

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Wound-induced ethylene synthesis by subapical stem sections of etiolated Pisum saivum L., cv. Alaska seedlngs, as described by Saltveit and Dilley (Plant Physiol 1978 61: 447450), was half-saturated at 3.6% (v/v) 02 and saturated at about 10% 02. Corresponding values for CO2 production during the same period were 1.1% and 10% 02, respectively. Anaerobiosis stopped all ethylene evolution and delayed the characteristic pattern of wound ethylene synthesis. Exposing tissue to 3.5% CO2 in air in a flowthrough system reduced wound ethylene synthesis by 30%. Enhancing gas diffusivity by reducing the total pressure to 130 mm Hg almost doubled the rate of wound ethylene synthesis and this effect was negated by exposure to 250 #1 liter-1 propylene. Applied ethylene or propylene stopped wound ethylene synthesis during the period of application, but unlike N2, no lag period was observed upon flushing with air. It is concluded that the characteristic pattern of wound-induced ethylene synthesis resulted from negative feedback control by endogenous ethylene.No wound ethylene was produced for 2 hours after excision at 10 or 38 C. Low temperatures prolonged the lag period, but did not prevent induction of the wound response, since tissue held for 2 hours at 10 C produced wound ethylene immediately when warmed to 30 C. In contrast, temperatures above 36 C prevented induction of wound ethylene synthesis, since tissue cooled to 30 C after 1 hour at 40 C required 2 hours before ethylene production returned to normal levels. The activation energy between 15 and 36 C was 12.1 mole kilocalories degree-'.A rapidly induced, transitory increase in the rate of ethylene synthesis has been observed in a variety of excised tissues (1,24). The wound response was recently characterized in Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska (24). In subapical stem tissue wound-induced ethylene production at 25 C increased linearly after a lag period of 26 min from 2.7 nl g-' hr-' to the first maximum of 11.3 nl g-' hr-' at 56 min. The rate of production then decreased to a minimum at 90 min, increased to a lower second maximum at 131 min, and then declined over a period of about 100 min to about 4 nl g-' hr-'. The magnitude of the response varied slightly from experiment to experiment, but the time sequence was constant for tissue excised from a given region of the pea seedling. In this study we examined the 02 and temperature dependency of woundinduced ethylene synthesis by etiolated 'Alaska' pea stem sections.Vegetative, ripening, and senescent tissue require 02 for ethylene synthesis (1,3, 6,13,21,29

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confidence: 94%

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Saltveit¹,

Dilley²

1978

Plant Physiol.

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“…The list of funai which produced C Z H 4 in vitro also includes Fusarium oxysporum (Swart and Kamerbeek, 1977;Graham and Linderman, 1980), Cenococcum oeophi1um, Hebeloma crustuliniforme and Laccaria 1accata all of which are ectomycorrhizal fungi (Graham and Linderman, 1980), Alternaria solani, Ascochyta imperfecti, Aspergillus candidus, A. f1avus, A. ustus, A. variocolor, Botrytis spectabilis, Cephalosporium qramineum, Chaetomium chlama1oides, Dematium pullulans, Hansenula subpelticulosa, Myrothecium roridum, Neurospora crassa, Penicillium corylophilum, P 1uteum, P. patulum, Schizophyllum commune, Sclerotinia 1axa, Scopulariopsis brev;cau1;s, Thamnidium elegans, Thie1avia alata (11ao and Curtis, 1968) and Saccharomyces cerevis;ae (Thomas and Spenser, 1978). (Lieberman, Kunishi, Mapson and Wardale, 1966). Propanal, the breakdown product of lenolenic acid, was suggested by Lieberman and Kunishi (1967) as a precursor, but Baur and Vanq (l969a) could not confirm this in apple tissue.…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbial production of ethylene in desert soils

Babiker¹,

Pepper²

1984

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…Although many workers have investigated the first 2 compounds a niumber of difficulties remaini. MIethionine was found to stimulate ethylene biosynthesis in aged apple tissue slices (14), in indoleacetic acid treated pea stem segments. and in apple and green banana sections (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…(5) were unable to stimulate ethylene production with methionine in either fresh or aged discs of peel from pre-climacteric fruit even though the discs, when aged, produced ethylene. The stimulation that methional imparted to cell free systems of cauliflower florets ( 15, 16, 17/) and pea seedlings (14) led to the postulation of methional as an intermediate between methionine and ethvlene. However, methional, unlike methionine, would not stimulate ethylene evolution from apple sections (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Alanine as an Ethylene Precursor. Investigations Towards Preparation, and Properties, of a Soluble Enzyme System From a Subcellular Particulate Fraction of Bean Cotyledons

Stinson

Spencer

1969

Plant Physiol.

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Abstract. A method is described for the preparation, from a subcellular particulate fraction of wax bean cotyledons, of a soluble enzyme system that is capable of converting 3-alanine to ethylene. In the presence of ATP, CoA, thiamine pyrophosphate, MgSO4, and pyridoxal phosphate, ethylene production is maximum at a 0.5 mNi concentration of 8-alanine. The system exhibits a pH optimum at 7.0 but when the pH is raised above 8, evolution of the volatile again increases and continues to do so up to pH 12. The enzyme system is stimulated by either NADPH or NADH; the concentration of NADPH necessary to obtain maximum activity is twice that of NADH. The requirement for a reducing agent is in agreement with the proposal that malonate semialdehyde, formed by an aminotransferase reaction from f3-alanine, is reduced to 83-hydroxypropionate. Both malonate semialdehyde and /-hydroxypropionate are better stimulators of production of the volatile in the soluble system than is f3-alanine, and .8-hydroxypropionate is a better stimulator than malonate semialdehyde. This system is also able to incorporate tritium from tritiated water into ethylene; this supports the proposal that ethylene is formed by the decarboxylation of acrylate, the latter being formed from f3-hydroxypropionate.Experiments with both cold and labeled malonate suggest that this compound stimulates ethylene production by acting as an end product inhibitor that prevents the loss of 'Malonate semialdehyde from the pathway. Malonate does not appear to serve as a precursor.Addition of cytopl-asmic enzymes to the enzymes) results in a considerable boost in (mdul/mg protein) is lowered from that of the 'soluble system' (prepared from particulate ethylene production, but the specific activity particulate enzymes alone.

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Stimulation of Ethylene Production in Apple Tissue Slices by Methionine

Cited by 197 publications

References 8 publications

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Rapidly Induced Wound Ethylene from Excised Segments of Etiolated Pisum sativum L., cv. Alaska

Microbial production of ethylene in desert soils

β-Alanine as an Ethylene Precursor. Investigations Towards Preparation, and Properties, of a Soluble Enzyme System From a Subcellular Particulate Fraction of Bean Cotyledons

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