Stimulation of Growth Hormone Release by Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Elderly Subjects

Barreca, T; Franceschini, R.; Messina, Valeria; Bottaro, Luigi Carlo; Rolandi, E

doi:10.1159/000180051

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This unexpected response to nonspecific stimuli was originally described in acromegalic patients ( Irie & Tsushima, 1972) and interpreted as altered receptor expression directly related to the presence of tumoral tissue ( Le Dafniet et al ., 1985 ). A GH response to TRH has also been described in other non‐neoplastic conditions, such as renal failure ( Gonzales‐Barcena et al ., 1973 ), anorexia nervosa ( Maeda et al ., 1976 ), primary hypothyroidism ( Collu et al ., 1977 ), insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus ( Dasmahapatra et al ., 1988 ), and ageing ( Barreca et al ., 1985 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (GH) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone and GH‐releasing hormone

Marinis¹,

Mancini²,

Valle

et al. 1999

Clinical Endocrinology

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The evaluation of pituitary dynamics in the acute phase of a severe injury demonstrates an alteration of GH and PRL secretion, which correlate with the aminergic and/or peptidergic derangements. Taken together, our data suggest augmented tone of both GHRH and somatostatin in the very acute phase, while an imbalance of releasing factors is hypothesized in the following days. The metabolic consequences of this neuroendocrine pattern could be advantageous in the rapid recovery from the cascade of events produced by the trauma, as documented by the increase in IGF-1 levels and the positive nitrogen balance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (GH) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone and GH‐releasing hormone

Marinis¹,

Mancini²,

Valle

et al. 1999

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…On the other hand, a GH response to TRH has been described in pathological conditions, other than acromegaly, including renal failure (22), de¬ pression (23), anorexia nervosa (24), primary hypothyroidism (25), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (26), and schizophrenia (27), as well as in aging (28). Adams et al (10) did not exclude that in vitro normal pituitary tissue can respond to TRH with a GH increase.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paradoxical growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in acromegaly. Clinical correlations and prognostic value

Marinis¹,

Mancini

Zuppi

et al. 1990

Acta Endocrinologica

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We have investigated the effect of TRH on the release of GH in 20 acromegalic patients (14 females and 6 males) before and after selective removal of a pituitary tumour via transsphenoidal route. The follow-up period was 8 years. Pre-operatively the paradoxical response was present in 15 patients (75%). Mean GH values in TRH responders were significantly lower than in non-responders. According to the size and expansion diffusion of the adenoma, the patients were divided into 3 classes. The percentage of paradoxical response in patients in class III was significantly lower than in the other two classes. Postoperatively, mean GH values in pre-operative TRH responders were significantly lower than in nonresponders; among 15 responders, 13 (86%) had postoperative GH levels under 5 \g=m\g/l ;among 5 non-responders only 2 (40%) had GH values under 5 \g=m\g/l .Postoperatively 8 patients still had GH responsiveness to TRH: 6 with GH levels persistently (follow-up 8 years) under 5 \g=m\g/l and 2 with elevated GH values. The other 7 patients, who were responders pre-operatively and non-responders postoperatively, persistently exhibited low GH levels, except one subject who showed an increase in GH levels with reappearance of the paradoxical response, two years after surgery. These results suggest: 1. the paradoxical response may be expressed only when the hypothalamuspituitary interactions are intact; 2. the disappearance of the paradoxical response cannot surely suggest a remission, and 3. the presence of a pre-operative paradoxical response is a good prognostic feature.In acromegalic patients the GH secretion exhibits a pattern of response to various stimuli that differs from that in normal subjects. Such stimuli include oral glucose load (1), L-dopa and bromocriptine (2), apomorphine (3), GnRH and arginine (4), do¬ pamine and sulpiride (5). A »paradoxical« response to TRH was first de¬ scribed in 1972. Two different groups (6,7) ob¬ served an increase in GH values after iv TRH ad¬ ministration in about 50% of acromegalic patients tested. This response, absent in normal subjects (8), could therefore be of diagnostic importance. Sub¬ sequent studies demonstrated the altered response with in vitro systems (9,10), i.e. perfusion tech¬ niques of dispersed adenomatous cells, which sug¬ gested an alteration in membrane receptor in neoplastic clones of somatotropes, consisting in a dedifferentiation and appearance of specific recep¬ tors for TRH (11). Moreover, various authors have reported the disappearance of the »paradoxical« response after selective removal of the adenoma via transsphenoidal microsurgery (3,5,(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). These observations allow to ascribe the paradoxical re¬ sponse to the presence of adenomatous tissue.On the other hand, a GH response to TRH has been described in pathological conditions, other than acromegaly, including renal failure (22), de¬ pression (23), anorexia nervosa (24), primary hypothyroidism (25), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (26), and schizophrenia (27), as...

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“…It is shown that the aging process is associated with a pro gressive alteration in biogenic amine systems in selected regions of the brain [22]. In par ticular, the age-related decrease in GH re lease could be related to a reduction of cen tral dopaminergic tonus, as found in old rats [23], The reduced GH rise after L-dopa ad ministration [16], and also the paradoxical GH increase induced by TRH [24], might be explained by a derangement in central dopa minergic tonus. Our experience seems to confirm that some differences in DA control of GH secretion are present in elderly versus young men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Aging on Growth Hormone and Prolactin Release after Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Domperidone in Man

Giusti

Lomeo

Marini³

et al. 1987

Horm Res

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Growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) secretion after GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and domperidone (DOM), an antidopaminergic drug which does not cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), was evaluated in 8 healthy elderly men (65-91 years) and in 7 young adults (23-40 years). All received in random order at 2-day intervals: GHRH(1-40) (50 µg i.v.) bolus, DOM (5 mg/h) infusion, GHRH(1-40) (50 µg i.v.) plus DOM (5 mg/h i.v.), saline solution. In elderly men GH increase after GHRH was significantly lower than in young men. DOM alone did not change GH secretion in either of these groups, whereas it increased the GH response to GHRH only in young adults. PRL levels increased in both young and elderly men during both DOM and GHRH plus DOM, but the PRL release was more marked in young than in elderly men. Both integrated secretion of GH after GHRH and of PRL after DOM were inversely correlated to chronological age. Our data show an impairment of GH rise after GHRH and of PRL after DOM in elderly adults. It is also stressed that peripheral blockade of dopamine receptors by DOM is unable to amplify the GH response to GHRH only in elderly men. A reduction in GH release after GHRH might be related to aging, perhaps through a reduction of dopaminergic tonus.

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Stimulation of Growth Hormone Release by Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in Elderly Subjects

Cited by 8 publications

References 30 publications

Hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (GH) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone and GH‐releasing hormone

Hypothalamic derangement in traumatized patients: growth hormone (GH) and prolactin response to thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone and GH‐releasing hormone

Paradoxical growth hormone response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in acromegaly. Clinical correlations and prognostic value

Role of Aging on Growth Hormone and Prolactin Release after Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Domperidone in Man

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