Stimulation of the hepatic arterial buffer response using exogenous adenosine: hepatic rest/stress perfusion imaging

82Rb tissue kinetics in humans

“…Patients attending our unit are asked to give informed written consent for anonymous publication of their investigations, as approved by a National Research Ethics Committee. The population in this study is reported in another paper on the relations between myocardial, hepatic, splenic and renal perfusions, and their responses to stressing agents (Keramida et al., in press).…”

“…Image acquisition is described elsewhere (Keramida et al., in press). Patients had MPI using Siemens Biograph mCT PET/CT flow scanner (Siemens Medical Solutions).…”

“…As described elsewhere (Keramida et al., in press), hepatic arterial (HAP), splenic (SP) and renal (RP) perfusions were measured using a first‐pass technique, originally described for single photon tracers (Peters et al., 1990). Briefly, the time–concentration curve from an arterial region of interest (ROI) is integrated and scaled by a factor, F, to be parallel to the first‐pass tissue time–concentration curve.…”

The utilization of positron emission tomography in the evaluation of renal health and disease

“…A one-compartment model was used for the quantification of these tracers. Other tracers, which are not entirely freely diffusible, have also been used for perfusion quantification through implementation of the two-compartment Patlak model namely, Nitrogen-13 labeled ammonia ( 13 N-ammonia) n = 1 [28] and rubidium-82 chloride ( 82 Rb) n = 2 (which behaves like a K + analogue and is very commonly used to measure myocardial perfusion) [41,42].…”

“…82 Rb is also most commonly used to assess myocardial blood flow in patients suspected of ischemic heart disease, but 82 Rb is also appropriate for modelling renal blood flow using dynamic PET methods, since the method has shown high image quality [41]. In a study assessing myocardial perfusion, regadenoson was shown to also increase kidney perfusion [42]. Another potential tracer for evaluating renal perfusion would be 62 Cu-ETS [35], but so far validation results in humans comparing the tracer with radiowater, have only been presented as a meeting report [40].…”