Stimulative Effects of Arthropods on Endomycorrhizas of Sugar Maple in the Presence of Decaying Litter

Klironomos, John N.; Kendrick, W. B.

doi:10.2307/2390019

Cited by 59 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A number of parallels can be drawn between the influence of grazers on saprotrophic and mycorrhizal systems: (i) spore ingestion can have positive and negative effects on spore distribution, depending on the grazer-fungus combination (Harinikumar and Bagyraj, 1994); (ii) severing of hyphae can restrict growth and nutrient translocation throughout hyphal networks (Klironomos and Kendrick, 1995); and (iii) grazing can have positive or negative effects on fungal activity (Gormsen et al, 2004) with consequences for nutrient mineralisation and primary productivity. As with saprotrophic fungi, grazing effects are density dependent.…”

Section: Comparisons With Mycorrhizal Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When provided with a choice, invertebrates consistently prefer, and reproduce more successfully on, saprotrophic than mycorrhizal fungi (Gange, 2000). As a result, in complex, multi-species environments soil fauna commonly stimulate mycorrhizal growth by suppression of competing or inhibitory fungi (Klironomos and Kendrick, 1995). Plant pathogenic fungi are also generally preferred to mycorrhizal species, highlighting further the positive effects of grazers on plant productivity and mycorrhizal development (Lussenhop, 1992).…”

Section: Comparisons With Mycorrhizal Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional and ecological consequences of saprotrophic fungus–grazer interactions

2012

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Saprotrophic fungi are key regulators of nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. They are the primary agents of plant litter decomposition and their hyphal networks, which grow throughout the soil-litter interface, represent highly dynamic channels through which nutrients are readily distributed. By ingesting hyphae and dispersing spores, soil invertebrates, including Arthropoda, Oligochaetae and Nematoda, influence fungal-mediated nutrient distribution within soil. Fungal physiological responses to grazing include changes to hydrolytic enzyme production and respiration rates. These directly affect nutrient mineralisation and the flux of CO 2 between terrestrial and atmospheric pools. Preferential grazing may also exert selective pressures on saprotrophic communities, driving shifts in fungal succession and community composition. These functional and ecological consequences of grazing are intrinsically linked, and influenced by invertebrate grazing intensity. High-intensity grazing often reduces fungal growth and activity, whereas low-intensity grazing can have stimulatory effects. Grazing intensity is directly related to invertebrate abundance, and varies dramatically between species and functional groups. Invertebrate diversity and community composition, therefore, represent key factors determining the functioning of saprotrophic fungal communities and the services they provide.

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Section: Comparisons With Mycorrhizal Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparisons With Mycorrhizal Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional and ecological consequences of saprotrophic fungus–grazer interactions

2012

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“…Macrofauna such as millipedes fragment leaf litter thereby increasing the surface area available for microbial attack and accelerating its break down (Anderson and Bignell, 1980;Cárcamo et al, 2000). Mesofauna (mites, collembolans and enchytraeid potworms) and microfauna (protozoa and nematodes) feed on bacteria and fungal mycelia (Klironomos and Kendrick, 1995) preventing fungistasis and disperse fungal inocula (Visser, 1985). They also affect species distributions in the litter (Parkinson et al, 1979;Newell, 1984) and determine root-microbial interactions that influence seedling establishment (Setälä, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water level and nutrients on spatial distribution of soil mesofauna in peatlands drained for forestry in Finland

Laiho

Silvan

Cárcamo

et al. 2001

Applied Soil Ecology

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We investigated the within-site distribution of Enchytraeidae, Collembola, Oribatida, Mesostigmata and Prostigmata relative to varying water level and substrate quality on pine mire sites forming a drainage succession continuum. Collembolans were most intolerant of wetness, favoring drier locations at all stages of the drainage succession. In general, the effect of water level variation on the within-site distribution of the soil fauna was strongest when the site was at an early stage of either progressive or regressive water level change. When the average water level was below 20 cm, it no longer had a significant effect on the distribution of mites, but still affected that of Enchytraeidae and Collembola. Boron was positively correlated with faunal density in several cases, and thus may be the growth limiting nutrient affecting substrate quality for decomposers in these sites. The overall changes in the soil mesofauna in drained peatlands depicted here show that these peatland forests are converging ecologically on upland forests where decomposition in general is much faster than in pristine peatlands. The change caused by restoration shows how labile these ecosystems are also with respect to the mesofaunal community.

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“…This (Finlay, 1985;Harris & Boerner, 1992) or left the additional supply of P can result in enhanced plant plant yield unaffected (Kaiser & Lussenhop, 1991; growth (Jakobsen, Joner & Larsen, 1994). The Klironomos & Kendrick, 1995). When effects of external mycelium of AM fungi constitutes an Collembola on the AM symbiosis could be demonimportant part of tbe fungal mycelium in soil covered strated, hyphal fragments of putative AM fungi were by herbaceous plants, and might serve as a potential also present in the digestive tract of the Collembola food source for mycophagous soil animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a mycophagous Collembola on the symbioses betweenTrifolium subterraneumand three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Larsen

Jakobsen

1996

New Phytologist

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SUMM.4RYWe examined the effect of the mycophagous Collembola Folsomia Candida Willem on the symbioses between Trifolium subterraneum L. and three arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown in pots with a central mesh bag -ivhich constituted a root-free soil compartment (RFSC) where the soil was labelled w-ith ^^P. This allow^ed us to study hypha] P transport as affected by the presence of CoUemhola in the soil with roots. The hyphal P transport w-as monitored by measuring the ^^P content in leaflets sampled from the latest fully developed trifoliate leaf after 3, 4, 5 and 6 w-k. Measurements on each plant after 6 wk furthermore included total contents of ^^P and ^^P, root length and length of hyphae inside the mesh bag. The presence of F. Candida reduced the average hyphal ^*P transport from the RFSC by 12 "i and the average AM hyphal length in the RFSC was reduced by 30%. The root dry weights of mycorrhizal plants were also reduced by the presence of Collembola. The reduction in total hypha] ^^P transport was not revealed by the data from the time-course study using leaflet samples, w-hich demonstrates the uncertainty of analyses of AM fungal activity based solely on measurements of leaf materials.The results from this work suggest that F. Candida grazed on roots and/or h5-phae of AM; however, shoot yields were unaffected by this grazing. In conclusion, Collembola seemed to have little effect on the functioning of AM fungi.

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Stimulative Effects of Arthropods on Endomycorrhizas of Sugar Maple in the Presence of Decaying Litter

Cited by 59 publications

References 28 publications

Functional and ecological consequences of saprotrophic fungus–grazer interactions

Functional and ecological consequences of saprotrophic fungus–grazer interactions

Effects of water level and nutrients on spatial distribution of soil mesofauna in peatlands drained for forestry in Finland

Effects of a mycophagous Collembola on the symbioses betweenTrifolium subterraneumand three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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