Stimulus Novelty and Cognitive-Related Erp Components of the Infant Brain

Ackles, Patrick K.

doi:10.2466/pms.106.1.3-20

Cited by 16 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, as discussed above, Nc latency responses to familiar versus novel stimuli varied with age. In infants of 6 months or older, novel stimuli had longer Nc latencies than familiar stimuli during visual recognition (Ackles, 2008;Kopp & Lindenberger, 2011) while the opposite pattern could be observed in infants aged 4 months or younger (this study; Karrer & Monti, 1995).…”

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…In children aged 6 months or older, Nc latency to novel stimuli was shown to be longer than to familiar stimuli (Ackles, 2008;Kopp & Lindenberger, 2011), indicating faster processing of the familiar ones. In contrast, 4-month-old infants of the present study showed the opposite pattern, suggesting faster processing of novel stimuli.…”

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nc amplitude or latency has been observed to vary with probability and novelty of presented items (Ackles & Cook, 1998, 2007Courchesne et al, 1981;Webb et al, 2005) as well as with stimulus salience (de Haan & Nelson, 1997, 1999. Ackles (2008) concluded that Nc reflects a top-down or controlled processing mechanism involved in the allocation of attentional resources.…”

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Nc component in the infant ERP is a negative deflection peaking between 400 and 700 ms after stimulus onset. Nc amplitude has been observed as varying with stimulus probability and stimulus familiarity, thus serving a novelty-detection function (Ackles, 2008;Courchesne, Ganz, & Norcia, 1981).…”

Section: Memory In Young Infantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Nc latency has been shown to be longer in recognition of novel than of familiar stimuli (Ackles, 2008;Kopp & Lindenberger, 2011), suggesting faster processing of the familiar ones. In contrast, longer Nc latencies to familiar events have been associated with more elaborated recognition processes, such as extensive memory search (Karrer & Monti, 1995) and reintegration of memory traces Bauer, Wiebe, Carver, Waters, & Nelson, 2003).…”

Section: Memory In Young Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Social cues at encoding affect memory in 4-month-old infants

Kopp

Lindenberger

2012

Social Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Available evidence suggests that infants use adults' social cues for learning by the second half of the first year of life. However, little is known about the short-term or long-term effects of joint attention interactions on learning and memory in younger infants. In the present study, 4-month-old infants were familiarized with visually presented objects in either of two conditions that differed in the degree of joint attention (high vs. low). Brain activity in response to familiar and novel objects was assessed immediately after the familiarization phase (immediate recognition), and following a 1-week delay (delayed recognition). The latency of the Nc component differentiated between recognition of old versus new objects. Pb amplitude and latency were affected by joint attention in delayed recognition. Moreover, the frequency of infant gaze to the experimenter during familiarization differed between the two experimental groups and modulated the Pb response. Results show that joint attention affects the mechanisms of long-term retention in 4-month-old infants. We conclude that joint attention helps children at this young age to recognize the relevance of learned items.

show abstract

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Long-term Memory In 4-month-old Infantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Memory In Young Infantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Memory In Young Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Social cues at encoding affect memory in 4-month-old infants

Kopp

Lindenberger

2012

Social Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Infants' object location and identity processing in spatial scenes: an ERP study

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFast detection and identification of objects in an environment is important for using objects as landmarks during navigation. While adults rapidly process objects within an environment and use landmarks during navigation, infants do not routinely use distal landmarks below the age of 18 months. In the current event-related potential (ERP) study we adopted an oddball paradigm to examine whether infants are capable of processing objects in environments, which is a prerequisite for using objects as landmarks.MethodsWe measured the electrophysiological correlates and time courses related to the processing of changes in object location, object identity, and a switch of two objects.ResultsTwelve-month-old infants showed an Nc (negative central) effect reflecting increased attention likely caused by initial change detection within 300 msec for all three manipulations. In addition, they showed conscious processing of an object change and a location change as evidenced by a positive slow wave (PSW).ConclusionThis study is the first to show that infants are capable of rapidly detecting changes in single objects when these are presented in an environment, but lack conscious detection of a switch. These results indicate that 12-month-old infants as yet lack the ability to rapidly bind the identity and location of multiple objects within an environment.

show abstract

The comparator model of infant visual habituation and dishabituation: Recent insights

Kavšek

2012

Developmental Psychobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current knowledge of the perceptual and cognitive abilities in infancy is largely based on the visual habituation-dishabituation method. According to the comparator model [e.g., Sokolov (1963a) Perception and the conditioned reflex. Oxford: Pergamon Press], habituation refers to stimulus encoding and dishabituation refers to discriminatory memory performance. The review also describes the dual-process theory and the attention disengagement approach. The dual-process theory points to the impact of natural stimulus preferences on habituation-dishabituation processes. The attention disengagement approach emphasizes the contribution of the ability to shift the attention away from a stimulus. Moreover, arguments for the cognitive interpretation of visual habituation and dishabituations are discussed. These arguments are provided by physiological studies and by research on interindividual differences. Overall, the review shows that current research supports the comparator model. It emphasizes that the investigation of habituation and dishabituation expands our understanding of visual attention processes in infants.

show abstract

Stimulus Novelty and Cognitive-Related Erp Components of the Infant Brain

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Social cues at encoding affect memory in 4-month-old infants

Social cues at encoding affect memory in 4-month-old infants

Infants' object location and identity processing in spatial scenes: an ERP study

The comparator model of infant visual habituation and dishabituation: Recent insights

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About