Stir-bar sorptive extraction: A view on method optimisation, novel applications, limitations and potential solutions

The use of thin-film microextraction for the extraction of selected pharmaceutical compounds followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection was evaluated. A segment of polysiloxanes polymer sheet was used as low cost, single use, disposable extraction phase, while Milli-Q water spiked at 20 µg L −1 with the analytes was used for the optimization assays. The controlling parameters for the extraction were optimized via experimental design and it was found that an extraction time of 3 h using a sample volume of 1000 mL at pH 4 with the addition of 20% methanol and 20% sodium chloride provided the greatest extraction efficiency. Recoveries between 67.1 and 85.0% were achieved, with a repeteability lower than 20% (expressed as coefficient of variation) and limit of detection ranged from 0.41 and 0.92 µg L −1 . The proposed method show similar analytical performance when compared to the determination of the analytes using stir bar sorptive extraction.

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“…However, the PDMS polymer is known to deteriorate at pH values less than 2. 24 Table 3 lists the optimum values determined for each variable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ibuprofen, Carbamazepine and β-Estradiol Determination Using Thin-Film Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Giordano

Vásquez

Retamal

et al. 2016

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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“…Higher signal intensities were obtained at basic pH values although we could also observe a decrease in the extraction efficiency of other target compounds (e.g. PCBs and pyrethroids) [14,28]. Finally, neutral pH was selected as a compromise to perform further SBSE experiments.…”

Section: Derivatizing Agentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After extraction, target compounds are often released from the polymer using thermodesorption (TD) units coupled to gas chromatography [13][14][15]. If TD is not feasible and/or better results are achieved by liquid chromatography, a minimal amount of solvent can be used instead to desorb the analytes (liquid desorption, or LD) [14,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using polymers such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) that can adsorb moderately to highly hydrophobic contaminants, sorptive techniques minimize sample volume and manipulation, as well as the use of organic solvents, thus achieving lower detection limits than more conventional approaches [11,12]. After extraction, target compounds are often released from the polymer using thermodesorption (TD) units coupled to gas chromatography [13][14][15]. If TD is not feasible and/or better results are achieved by liquid chromatography, a minimal amount of solvent can be used instead to desorb the analytes (liquid desorption, or LD) [14,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective was to determine the time necessary for the compounds to reach the equilibrium between the PDMS bar and the aqueous solution. Extracting analytes at this time is critical to achieve the highest accuracy and sensitivity [14]. Agitation time was optimized by stirring the samples at different time periods (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h).…”

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confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Atmospheric pressure gas chromatography–time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (APGC–ToF-MS) for the determination of regulated and emerging contaminants in aqueous samples after stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)

Pintado-Herrera

González-Mazo

Lara-Martín

2014

Analytica Chimica Acta

113

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New Sample Preparation Strategies for Analytical Determinations

Quintana

Ramil

Rodil

et al. 2014

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Sample preparation techniques have experienced an explosive development during the past decades. Procedural approached that uses minimal sample amounts reducing to the limit and sometimes eliminating completely the use of toxic and/or environmentally unfriendly solvents and reagents have emerged as standard in the analytical laboratory. At the same time, significant improvements in sensitivity and selectivity have appeared. This article revisited the principal developments of sample preparation methods for analytical determinations as produced recently. The approach is systematic, classifying the procedures into two broad groups: methods based on equilibrium and exhaustive methods. In each case, the principal methods are revisited with a brief description about the principles and chemistry involved and some examples in each case. A large number of bibliographic references allow a deeper study on each case, when necessary.

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Stir-bar sorptive extraction: A view on method optimisation, novel applications, limitations and potential solutions

Cited by 360 publications

References 212 publications

Ibuprofen, Carbamazepine and β-Estradiol Determination Using Thin-Film Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Ibuprofen, Carbamazepine and β-Estradiol Determination Using Thin-Film Microextraction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

Atmospheric pressure gas chromatography–time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (APGC–ToF-MS) for the determination of regulated and emerging contaminants in aqueous samples after stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE)

New Sample Preparation Strategies for Analytical Determinations

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