StirMark benchmark: audio watermarking attacks

Steinebach, Martin; Petitcolas, Fabien A. P.; Raynal, Frédéric; Dittmann, Jana; Fontaine, Caroline; Seibel, S.; Fatès, Nazim; Ferri, Lucilla Croce

doi:10.1109/itcc.2001.918764

Cited by 89 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In this paper the average function (p = 1 in Eq. (4)) is considered as function g. RDM in audio signals was carried out using frames with 128 MCLT coefficients instead of single samples in order to get a robust scheme not only to gain attacks but also to typical attacks in data hiding systems, such as the Audio Stirmark benchmark test [5].…”

Section: Proposed Data Hiding Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This evaluation was carried out using 5 different kinds of music with the following results: for classic music −63.2 dB, for rock music −65.3, for pop music −62.8 dB, for instrumental music −61.7 and finally for latin music −62.5 dB. Table I shows the bit error rate (BER) of extracted hidden data after the Audio Stirmark attacks [5] are applied. Generally, the embedded data are robust to various types of attacks, except copysample, cutsample, echo, ffttest, flippsample and voiceremove attacks.…”

Section: Mbsd (Modified Bark Spectral Distortion)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Data hiding in audio signal using Rational Dither Modulation

García-Hernández

Nakano-Miyatake

Pérez-Meana

2008

IEICE Electron. Express

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Abstract:A data hiding system in audio signals based on a Rational Dither Modulation is proposed, which hides information in the Modulated Complex Lapped Transform (MCLT) domain. The proposed system is able to hide around of 689 bits per second, while keeping a CD-quality audio signal. Objective and subjective evaluations show robustness to classical attacks and transparency to the Human Auditory System (HAS), respectively. Comparison results, in similar conditions, with some other algorithms reported in the literature are also provided.

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Section: Proposed Data Hiding Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mbsd (Modified Bark Spectral Distortion)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Data hiding in audio signal using Rational Dither Modulation

García-Hernández

Nakano-Miyatake

Pérez-Meana

2008

IEICE Electron. Express

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“…A single change in spatial domain may alter the values of all coefficients in the transform domain. A full coverage protection is then possible [17].…”

Section: 4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Audio Watermarking using Frequency Masking Technique

Tiwari¹,

Jain²

2015

IJCA

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There is a need of an effective watermarking technique for copyright protection and authentication of intellectual Property [12]. In this work we propose a digital watermarking technique which makes use of simultaneous frequency masking to hide the watermark information into host. The algorithm is based on Psychoacoustic Auditory Model and Spread Spectrum theory [2]. It generates a watermark signal using spread spectrum theory and embeds it into the signal by measuring the masking threshold using Modified Psychoacoustic Auditory model and using dct transform. Since the watermark is shaped to lie below the masking threshold, the difference between the original and the watermarked copy is imperceptible. Recovery of the watermark is performed without the knowledge of the original signal. The software system is implemented using MATLAB and the characteristics studied.

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“…A detailed categorization of different attacks is described in [11]. Experiments were performed [53] to test if each attack can itself degrade perception of audio quality. A conclusion drawn was that the perceptual impact of the attack on audio quality is highly dependent on the attacked material.…”

Section: Robustnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

A robust audio watermarking scheme based on reduced singular value decomposition and distortion removal

2011

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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents a blind audio watermarking algorithm based on the reduced singular value decomposition (RSVD). A new observation on one of the resulting unitary matrices is uncovered. The proposed scheme manipulates coefficients based on this observation in order to embed watermark bits. To preserve audio fidelity a thresholdbased distortion control technique is applied and this is further supplemented by distortion suppression utilizing psychoacoustic principles. Test results on real music signals show that this watermarking scheme is in the range of imperceptibility for human hearing, is accurate and also robust against MP3 compression at various bit rates as well as other selected attacks. The data payload is comparatively high compared to existing audio watermarking schemes.

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StirMark benchmark: audio watermarking attacks

Cited by 89 publications

References 5 publications

Data hiding in audio signal using Rational Dither Modulation

Data hiding in audio signal using Rational Dither Modulation

Digital Audio Watermarking using Frequency Masking Technique

A robust audio watermarking scheme based on reduced singular value decomposition and distortion removal

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