Stirred Yogurt as a Delivery Matrix for Freeze-Dried Microcapsules of Synbiotic EVOO Nanoemulsion and Nanocomposite

Abstract

Nowadays, dairy products are considered a good matrix to deliver many functional substances either vital oils or probiotic cells. Two models of microcapsules were produced from co-encapsulation of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) nanoemulsion or nanocomposite and synbiotic bacteria (maltodextrin with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum) using the freeze-drying technique. These models of microcapsules were added to stirred yogurt, and then its storage effect on microbiology, chemically, and sensory properties were evaluated for 21 days. The average droplet size and zeta potential distribution of EVOO nanoemulsion and nanocomposite were investigated. Also, oxidative stability, microencapsulation efficiency, release profile, and antioxidant activity were studied. The results showed that the average particle size of EVOO nanoemulsion and nanocomposite ranged between 416 and 475 nm, while zeta potential was −39.6 and −33.6 mV, respectively. The induction period of EVOO extracted from nanoemulsion and nanocomposite microcapsules models was 11.30 and 8 h. The microencapsulation efficiency of probiotic and EVOO was determined at 88.84 and 65.61% for the nanoemulsion microcapsules model, while the nanocomposite microcapsules model showed 98.49 and 72%. The two models of microcapsules have boosted the viability of probiotic bacteria inside stirred yogurt than free cells. Also, the presence of microcapsules did not affect the viability of stirred yogurt starter cultures, and high values for the total solid and protein were detected. Therefore, the results recommended that stirred yogurt is a good delivery carrier for highly antioxidant and healthy microcapsules of synbiotic EVOO nanoemulsion and nanocomposite.

Mechanical properties, sustained release, and oxygen scavenging properties of nanocomposite films loaded with bimetallic nanoparticles (Fe2O3/TiO2) in extra virgin olive oil

“…A spectrophotometer (UNICO‐2100) was used to determine the extinction coefficients of K 270 (secondary oxidation products) and K 232 (primary oxidation products). Therefore, absorbance at 232 and 270 nm was recorded to determine primary and secondary products, respectively, as an index to determine oxidative stability (El‐Sayed et al., 2022).…”

“…Therefore, absorbance at 232 and 270 nm was recorded to determine primary and secondary products, respectively, as an index to determine oxidative stability (El-Sayed et al, 2022).…”

Evaluation of in vitro colonisation and immunomodulation of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumL3 microcapsules after subjected to yoghurt storage

“…However, yoghurt environment (pH, osmotic pressure and storage temperature), the gastrointestinal conditions (gastric acid and bile salt) all pose stress on the activity of probiotics. For this reason, some studies applied measures such as microencapsulation to protect probiotics against adverse conditions (El‐Sayed et al ., 2022). In one study, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.…”

Encapsulation of the Biocontrol Agent Beauveria bassiana in Cellulose Nanomaterial-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion for Foliar Application

“…For the stability of emulsion and viability of the encapsulated living organisms, the selected lipid phase is one of the important factors in developing the biocontrol formulation since it affects its physicochemical properties. , Among the various oils emulsified for microbial encapsulation, olive oils have high biocompatibility and biodegradability and are well known as food ingredients. In addition, olive oils include components such as terpenes, polyphenols, and fatty acids which are beneficial to stimulate the growth of microorganisms while inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens in the soil environment. – Especially, polyphenols such as tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and oleocanthal can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as antioxidants and protect microorganisms encapsulated inside the oil phase against heat and oxidation stress. , …”

“…51−53 Especially, polyphenols such as tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, and oleocanthal can reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as antioxidants and protect microorganisms encapsulated inside the oil phase against heat and oxidation stress. 49,54 Herein, we present an eco-friendly formulation to deliver sufficient active biocontrol agents to foliar applications for pest control by encapsulation in a CNM-stabilized Pickering emulsion. A series of CNM-stabilized Pickering emulsions were prepared with CNCs or CNFs in various oil/water ratios at different concentrations of CNMs.…”