Stochastic Analysis of Embodied Carbon Dioxide Emissions Considering Variability of Construction Sites

Lee, Dong‐Youn; Kang, Gyuseong; Nam, Chulu; Cho, Hunhee; Kang, Kyung-In

doi:10.3390/su11154215

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Currently, EC estimating is not mandated in Australia, hence, there is no necessity or requirement for construction stakeholders to estimate EC. However, it is extremely important to accurately estimate EC in construction [51] while contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) by reducing global EC emissions. This study reviews an accurate methodology that estimates EC, known as SCEEM.…”

Section: Ec Estimating Databases and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Supply Chain Based Embodied Carbon Estimating Method: A Case Study Based Analysis

et al. 2021

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Carbon estimating plays a vital role in the construction industry. The current focus on introducing zero-carbon construction projects reduces operational carbon, at the expense of Embodied Carbon (EC). However, it is important to reduce overall net carbon emissions. There are various methods to estimate carbon, but the accuracy of these estimates is questionable. This paper reviews a novel methodology, the Supply Chain based Embodied carbon Estimating Method (SCEEM), which was introduced recently to accurately estimate EC in construction supply chains. SCEEM is compared against existing EC estimating methods (Blackbook and eToolLCD) using a case study approach. It is also supplemented with a comprehensive literature review of existing EC methods. The EC values calculated using Blackbook and eToolLCD were mostly higher than SCEEM. Since SCEEM uses actual site data and considers first principles-based value addition method to estimate EC, it is considered accurate. The cross-case analysis revealed that SCEEM provided consistent results. Hence, SCEEM is recommended to accurately estimate EC of any type of project.

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Section: Ec Estimating Databases and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Supply Chain Based Embodied Carbon Estimating Method: A Case Study Based Analysis

et al. 2021

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“…The life cycle assessment of earth-retaining walls was analyzed in [19,20]. In [21], a stochastic analysis of the emissions of CO 2 was developed and applied to construction sites. The relevance of carbon emissions and low-emission window films on energy spending was studied in [22] and applied to an existing UK hotel building.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Hole Algorithm for Sustainable Design of Counterfort Retaining Walls

2020

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The optimization of the cost and CO 2 emissions in earth-retaining walls is of relevance, since these structures are often used in civil engineering. The optimization of costs is essential for the competitiveness of the construction company, and the optimization of emissions is relevant in the environmental impact of construction. To address the optimization, black hole metaheuristics were used, along with a discretization mechanism based on min–max normalization. The stability of the algorithm was evaluated with respect to the solutions obtained; the steel and concrete values obtained in both optimizations were analyzed. Additionally, the geometric variables of the structure were compared. Finally, the results obtained were compared with another algorithm that solved the problem. The results show that there is a trade-off between the use of steel and concrete. The solutions that minimize CO 2 emissions prefer the use of concrete instead of those that optimize the cost. On the other hand, when comparing the geometric variables, it is seen that most remain similar in both optimizations except for the distance between buttresses. When comparing with another algorithm, the results show a good performance in optimization using the black hole algorithm.

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“…Pons et al analyzed the life cycle assessment of earth retaining walls and estimated the ultimate load capacities [20]. Lee et al applied a stochastic analysis of the emissions of CO 2 that was developed and applied to construction fields [21]. De Medeiros and Kripka optimized reinforced concrete columns with the consideration of lots of environmental impact assessment parameters [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls: Multi-objective Optimization with Harmony Search Applications

et al. 2020

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In this study, considering the eco-friendly design necessities of reinforced concrete structures, the acquirement of minimizing both the cost and the CO2 emission of the reinforced concrete retaining walls in conjunction with ensuring stability conditions has been investigated using harmony search algorithm. Optimization analyses were conducted with the use of two different objective functions to discover the contribution rate of variants to the cost and CO2 emission individually. Besides this, the integrated relationship of cost and CO2 emission was also identified by multi-objective analysis in order to identify an eco-friendly and cost-effective design. The height of the stem and the width of the foundation were treated as design variables. Several optimization cases were fictionalized in relation with the change of the depth of excavation, the amount of the surcharge applied at the top of the wall system at the backfill side, the unit weight of the backfill soil, the costs, and CO2 emission amounts of both the concrete and the reinforcement bars. Consequently, the results of the optimization analyses were arranged to discover the possibility of supplying an eco-friendly design of retaining walls with the minimization of both cost and gas emission depending upon the comparison of outcomes of the identified objective functions. The proposed approach is effective to find both economic and ecological results according to hand calculations and flower pollination algorithm.

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Stochastic Analysis of Embodied Carbon Dioxide Emissions Considering Variability of Construction Sites

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Review of Supply Chain Based Embodied Carbon Estimating Method: A Case Study Based Analysis

Review of Supply Chain Based Embodied Carbon Estimating Method: A Case Study Based Analysis

Black Hole Algorithm for Sustainable Design of Counterfort Retaining Walls

Eco-Friendly Design of Reinforced Concrete Retaining Walls: Multi-objective Optimization with Harmony Search Applications

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