Stochastic laminate analogy for simulating the variability in modulus of discontinuous composite materials

Feraboli, Paolo; Cleveland, Tyler; Stickler, Patrick B.; Halpin, J. C.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.01.003

Cited by 96 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The similar modulus values in RCs and ELs also imply that the effect of tow waviness (or out-of-plane component of the fibre direction) in RCs is negligible, especially for the thin-prepreg case. This validates the equivalent laminate assumption for modelling the modulus of TBDCs, as has been done in the literature [23].…”

Section: Modelling Rcs Using the Equivalent Laminate Assumptionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Experimental investigation of randomly-oriented tow-based discontinuous composites and their equivalent laminates

Pimenta

Singgih

et al. 2017

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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The equivalent laminate assumption is a commonly-used method to model the random architecture of discontinuous composites, but which has never been validated experimentally. This study aims to verify the equivalent laminate assumption, focusing on tow-based discontinuous composites (TBDCs), which have higher fibre-content and thus improved modulus and strength, compared to conventional discontinuous-fibre composites. This verification was achieved by manufacturing and testing (i) actual TBDCs with randomly oriented tows and (ii) their equivalent laminates (ELs), at two different tow thicknesses. The results show that ELs exhibit the same failure mechanisms as TBDCs, and are similarly weakened by an increase in tow thickness. However, ELs lack the spatial variability in local fibre-content and local tow orientations, which makes ELs stronger than TBDCs. Therefore, the equivalent laminate assumption is suitable for predicting the modulus of discontinuous composites, but cannot predict their strength without considering the local variability in their microstructure.

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Section: Modelling Rcs Using the Equivalent Laminate Assumptionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Random TBDC Equivalent ply-by-ply laminate tows [2,[20][21][22][23]. The equivalent laminate assumption represents the random orientations of discontinuous composites into a ply-by-ply equivalent laminate, which contains unidirectional discontinuous plies at different orientations, usually forming a quasi-isotropic lay-up (see Figure 1).…”

Section: = ?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of randomly-oriented tow-based discontinuous composites and their equivalent laminates

Pimenta

Singgih

et al. 2017

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 summarises the linear gauge data for the two NCF samples. Strains are uniform along the entire length of the gauges in all instances, with a variation within the ±20% range used in the literature for filtering the effects of noise [34]. The small variation that is evident within the strain patterns appear to have a regular saw tooth form, which resembles the spacing of individual fibres in the fabric.…”

Section: Local Strain Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is satisfactory for characterising the behaviour of homogeneous, isotropic materials, but clearly differences can exist between the strain fields from the outer surfaces for composites with random fibre architectures. Feraboli et al [33,34] used DIC to study local strain effects in discontinuous fibre composites and reported that there was no correlation between strain concentrations associated with voids or resin rich areas and the site of final failure. Critical features in the fibre architecture may have been overlooked, since strain data was only collected from one side of the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity of discontinuous carbon fibre composites: Damage initiation captured by Digital Image Correlation

Johanson

Harper

Johnson

et al. 2015

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

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“…Carbon fibre Sheet Moulding Compounds (SMCs) offer some of the highest tensile properties for DFCs commercially available, with stiffness and ultimate strength values reported to be up to 45GPa and 300MPa respectively [1][2][3]. The filaments in carbon fibre SMCs are typically arranged randomly in bundle form (typically 24,000 filaments per bundle), limiting the global fibre volume fractions to around 55%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D geometric modelling of discontinuous fibre composites using a force-directed algorithm

Harper

Qian

Luchoo

et al. 2016

Journal of Composite Materials

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A geometrical modelling scheme is presented to produce representative architectures for discontinuous fibre composites, enabling downstream modelling of mechanical properties. The model generates realistic random fibre architectures containing high filament count bundles (>3k) and high (~50%) fibre volume fractions. Fibre bundles are modelled as thin shells using a multi-dimension modelling strategy, in which fibre bundles are distributed and compacted to simulate pressure being applied from a matched mould tool. FE simulations are performed to benchmark the in-plane mechanical properties obtained from the numerical model against experimental data, with a detailed study presented to evaluate the tensile properties at various fibre volume fractions and specimen thicknesses. Tensile modulus predictions are in close agreement (less than 5% error) with experimental data at volume fractions below 45%.Ultimate tensile strength predictions are within 4.2% of the experimental data at volume fractions between 40%-55%. This is a significant improvement over existing 2D modelling approaches, as the current model offers increased levels of fidelity, capturing dominant failure mechanisms and the influence of out-of-plane fibres.

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Stochastic laminate analogy for simulating the variability in modulus of discontinuous composite materials

Cited by 96 publications

References 7 publications

Experimental investigation of randomly-oriented tow-based discontinuous composites and their equivalent laminates

Experimental investigation of randomly-oriented tow-based discontinuous composites and their equivalent laminates

Heterogeneity of discontinuous carbon fibre composites: Damage initiation captured by Digital Image Correlation

3D geometric modelling of discontinuous fibre composites using a force-directed algorithm

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