Stock and Pasture Management for Establishment of Radiata Pine in Farmland

Abstract

The success of grazing within 3 years of planting radiata pine seedlings in pasture is affected by early tree growth rate, class of livestock used, type of pasture available, season, and topography. This early grazing should be with sheep, restricted to autumn and winter in the first 2 years after planting, and must always be associated with cautious stock management. Trials in the central North Island have shown that, during the 3 years after planting, 20, 40, and 80%, respectively, of the full grazing potential can be achieved, with adequate development of the tree crop. Inter-row cropping of hay or silage has been demonstrated with a production loss (in area) of about 8% during the first 3 years rifler planting.

Ponderosa Pine Aboveground Growth after Cattle Removal of Terminal Tissue

“…Several Pinus studies (Hill 1917;Pearson 1931;Cassady et al 1955;Beveridge and Klomp 1973;Gillingham et al 1976;Lewis 1980aLewis , 1980bNeilsen 1981;Sanchez-Martinez and Wagner 1994) include data or unquantified observations documenting Growth responses we observed subsequent to seasonal tissue removal are substantiated morphologically by Cooperrider (1938). After browsing and growth loss on ponderosa pine, Cooperrider (1938) observed development of "substitute growth" arising from needle-bundle buds that originated between the needles of the remaining uppermost bundles, or rarely, whorl buds (located close beneath the shoot's tip of the previous year) and secondary buds in the axils of scales.…”

Silvopastoralism using tended poplars on New Zealand hill country: The opportunities

“…Pasture utilisation (at least with sheep) can continue without interruption while the poplar trees are established. The farmer cannot concede 2-4 years grazing while the trees grow above the browsing reach of sheep as interruption would not only mean a loss of productivity, but would also lead to pasture species deterioration and weed infestation (Gillingham et al 1976). Individual tree protection from browsing allows grazing to be uninterrupted during the tree establishment period.…”