Stock of Coarse Woody Debris in Spruce Forests of the Middle Taiga in the European North-East

Development of an Algorithm for Calculating the Moisture Content and Time of Forest Fire Maturation of Forest Combustible Materials for Determining Forest Fire Hazards

“…It is easy to see that the required condition of hypothesis acceptance is fulfilled as the obtained value of χ 2 = 10.24 is less than the critical value (see Appendix A, Figure 2 To interpret the results obtained by Formulas (4) and ( 5) and to pass directly to classes of fire hazard, taking into account information in the studies [23,[27][28][29][30][31], we propose to introduce the following scale (see Table 5): To interpret the results obtained by Formulas (4) and ( 5) and to pass directly to classes of fire hazard, taking into account information in the studies [23,[27][28][29][30][31], we propose to introduce the following scale (see Table 5): The first class of fire hazard corresponds to the condition of increased and maximum moisture content of FCM, observed in the case of prolonged stay of FCM in conditions of heavy rains, melting snow, and flooded terrain. There is no danger of ignition.…”

“…Taking into account data from the literature sources [27][28][29][30][31]-which contain the results of studies of physical properties of FCM and data obtained in the course of observations of changes in the equilibrium moisture content depending on fluctuations in relative air humidity-we obtain the following Table 2: It is worth mentioning that Formulas (4) and ( 5) obtained in the course of this work contain the assumption of invariability of the ambient temperature and relative air humidity within the period under consideration (ϕ, T, W p = const). It should be noted that the proposed model needs to be refined and correction coefficients introduced based on experimental data, which will take into account the peculiarities of the considered terrain, daily variations in ambient temperature, relative air humidity, and, consequently, the equilibrium moisture content of FCM.…”

A Modelling System for Dead Wood Assessment in the Forests of Northern Eurasia

“…Considering the rather complicated picture of geographical and tree species diversity of wood density by classes of decomposition, we present some typical examples here. In the Eastern European middle taiga, the reduction of specific gravity from the 2nd to the 5th decay class of (a percentage of specific gravity of the 1st class) was estimated to be 85:66:45:20 for spruce; 80:59:36:11 for birch, and 69:56:37:13 for aspen [87], and the specific gravity for the 1st class in this study was 0.425 Mg m −3 for spruce, 0.461 for birch and 0.415 for aspen. In the neighboring southern taiga zone of the same region, the specific gravity of the 1st class of pine was 0.384, spruce was 0.347 and birch was 0.280, and the relative density of other classes was, respectively, 83:61:29:28; 89:60:32 (no data for the 5th class); and 92:49:26:20 [46].…”