Stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages placed in a hydroelectric reservoir

Garcia, Fabiana; Romera, Daiane Mompean; Gozi, Kátia Suemi; Onaka, Eduardo Makoto; Fonseca, Fernando Stopato da; Schalch, Sergio Henrique Canello; Candeira, Pedro G.; Guerra, Luis O.M.; Carmo, Fernando J.; Carneiro, Dalton José; Martins, Maria Isabel Mello; Portella, Maria Célia

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.06.010

Cited by 66 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…land, capital, and labor) for longer periods and in higher volumes; thus, the extended stocking period is followed by an additional management cost both in fixed capital and fish. This corroborates with the results found by Garcia et al (2013), who observed increased production costs along with the cycle length, due to lower growth rates in high densities. However, there is no clear trend of increasing the production cycle and increasing production costs, because in F90PF120N45 with a production cycle of 255 days, the average production cost (US$1.35 kg −1 ) was higher than in F90PF60N120 (US$1.33 kg production cycle of 270 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Andrade et al (2005) and Castellani and Barrela (2005) observed a variable profit driven by cost variation similar to what was observed in the present study, which showed a decreased profit and profitability index in longer cycles, demonstrating greater economic paybacks from lower production costs due to better production management. This is also corroborated by Garcia et al (2013), who observed that shorter production cycles of fish reared in low densities received a 60% higher profit when compared with high densities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…The same authors observed that fish presented almost twice the size reared without this separation. Nonetheless, Garcia et al (2013) found that if fish are stocked at low densities at the beginning of the production cycle, sorting is not necessary and is discouraged due to high mortality rates shortly after handling, attributed to elevated stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Garcia et al (2013) tested different stocking densities for tilapia and observed that higher densities lead to greater production costs and longer cycles, associated with low feed efficiency and limited growth due to tank volume. Garcia et al (2014) found that fish subjected to high densities (before size separation and end of the cycle) present higher incidence of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Productive performance and economic evaluation of tilapia stocked in different times of the year

et al. 2017

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-This study aimed to determine production cycles based on the stocking period and the influence of the cycles on productive performance indices, production costs, and profitability. The present study was carried out on a fish farm located in Palmital -SP, Brazil, which consists of 2706 m 3 of net cages with an annual production of 400 tons of tilapia and regular harvests throughout the year. Production data, investment and expenditures were obtained by using a semi-structured questionnaire to calculate the total operational costs and profit indices. All monetary values of invested items have been corrected by the General Price Index (GPI) for December 2014. Three rearing phases were identified and characterized as the nursery, pre-finishing, and finishing phases. The production cycle is between 195 and 270 days and the profitability index is between 15.08 to 26.09%, in which the best production scenario is found when carrying out all of the rearing stages (nursery, pre-finishing, and finishing) in high temperatures. The stocking fish in low temperatures increases the production time by 38.46%. The extend production time allow the producer to regularly offer the product and have more flexibility on the decisions of the production

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Productive performance and economic evaluation of tilapia stocked in different times of the year

et al. 2017

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“…The dispersion of these pathogens occurs due to the intensification of production (Garcia et al 2013), which is characterized by a high density of fish and a higher input of artificial feed. Both high density and a greater input of artificial feed are responsible for the increase of organic matter in aquatic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three strategic feeding during hatchering of Nile tilapia: effects on organs integrity, parasitism and performance parameters

2016

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The effect of natural feed, artificial feed, and artificial feed with hormone 17 alpha-methyltestosterone on gill and liver integrity, parasite prevalence and performance parameters during the masculinization phase of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were evaluated. The experiment consisted of the three feeding strategies in triplicate. Water parameters, histopathological, parasitological and performance analyses were performed on day 7, 14, 28 and 60. Both artificial feeds (with and without hormone) were harmful to the hepatic and branchial integrity. The most significant change in liver was lipid degeneration, while in gills a significantly higher lamellar edema was observed when compared to fish that received the natural feed. Fish fed with the artificial diet (with and without hormone) showed a high prevalence (p \ 0.05) of trichodinids and Cryptobia, while fish that received natural feed showed no parasites after 28 days of study. Fries that received diet with hormone experienced damage to their health, which decreased the survival of this group. The anabolic effect of this molecule, however, improved significantly (p \ 0.05) their productive performance. Despite the absence of deleterious effects to fish health, the use of natural feed has a high risk of introducing predators. Introduction of odonate larvae drastically affected the survival of this group at the end of the study. All feeding strategies investigated have positive and negative effects that were discussed in the present study.

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Effects of stocking density on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, biochemical composition, and economic efficiency of a new strain of Oreochromis niloticus reared in cage culture system at Sindh Pakistan

Hassan,

Ali,

Wattoo

et al. 2024

Food Science & Nutrition

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The latest strain of Oreochromis niloticus is an altered ecological adaptation for sustainable aquaculture and is necessary to sustain stocking density and reduce physiological stress of the new strain. The present study aimed to determine the optimum stocking density, biological performance, and economic efficiency of the Nile tilapia. The 14,000 healthy seeds and uniform weight (40 ± 2.4 g) sex‐reversed Oreochromis niloticus were stocked in four cages, which are cage (1) 20 fish/m3, cage (2) 30 fish/m3, cage (3) 40 fish/m3, and cage (4) 50 fish/m3. The fish were fed 30% dietary protein and feeding frequency three times per day and the feeding rate adjusted according to the fish body weight. Results showed a significantly higher growth, weight gain, and specific growth rate in Nile tilapia stocking density on cage (1), 20 fish/m3 and cage (2), 30 fish/m3 compared to cage (3), 40 fish/m3 and cage (4), 50 fish/m3 (p < .05). The survival and growth rate showed an inverse relationship with stocking density. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the lowest in cage (1) and cage (2), which is significantly different from those of other cages (p < .05). The profit index (%) was significantly higher at low density. There was no significant variation in the HSI, VSI and CF. The digestive enzymes such as lipase and amylase were secreted highly in the cages (3) and (4) but high protease was secreted in cage (1). The lipid, ash, and protein of the whole fish were reduced to a lower density, but the moisture levels in the fish bodies raised significantly (p < .05) with increasing stocking density. The phenomenal regression indicates that 25–35 fish/m3 are optimum stocking density for Nile tilapia in the cage culture system. The current study has made significant step toward optimizing the stocking density of a new strain and developing cage culture in Pakistan.

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Stocking density of Nile tilapia in cages placed in a hydroelectric reservoir

Cited by 66 publications

References 25 publications

Productive performance and economic evaluation of tilapia stocked in different times of the year

Productive performance and economic evaluation of tilapia stocked in different times of the year

Three strategic feeding during hatchering of Nile tilapia: effects on organs integrity, parasitism and performance parameters

Effects of stocking density on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, biochemical composition, and economic efficiency of a new strain of Oreochromis niloticus reared in cage culture system at Sindh Pakistan

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