Stocking intensity and pastoral production: I. Changes in the soil and vegetation of a sown pasture grazed by sheep at different stocking rates

Langlands, JP; Bennett, Ivan L.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600058834

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This relationship has been shown by Langlands and Bennett (1973), which found a positive correlation between soil bulk density and sheep density and a negative relationship between soil pore space and stocking density.…”

Section: Buffer Stripssupporting

confidence: 53%

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Pattison¹

2010

Role of Hydrology in Managing Consequences of a Changing Global Environment

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The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source• a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses• the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Most approaches to this problem aim to upscale from individual grid cells to whole catchments, something that restricts the complexity of possible process representation, produces models that may not be parsimonious with the data needed to calibrate them and, faced with data uncertainties, provides computational limitations on the extent to which model uncertainty can be fully explored. Rather than upscaling to problems of concern, this thesis seeks to downscale from locations of known flood risk, as a means of identifying where land use management changes might be beneficial and then uses numerical modelling to identify the kinds of management changes required in those downscaled locations. Thus, the aim of this thesis is to test an approach to understanding the impacts of rural land management upon flood risk based upon catchment-to-source downscaling.This thesis uses the case study of the River Eden catchment (2400 km 2 ) as a test (1) it was shown to have a significant impact on downstream flood risk; and (2) it had range of data and information needed for modelling land use changes.The second part of this thesis explored the land management scenarios that could be used to reduce flood risk at the catchment scale. The scenarios to be tested were determined through a stakeholder participation approach, whereby workshops were held to brainstorm and prioritise land management options, and then to identify specific locations within the Eamont sub-catchment where they could tested. There were two main types of land management scenarios chosen: (1) landscape-scale changes, including afforestation and compaction; and (2) corresponding to a 5.8% decrease in peak discharge. A key conclusion is that land management practices have been shown to have an effect on catchment scale flooding, even for extreme flood events. However, the effect of land management scenarios are both spatially and temporally dependent i.e. the same land management practice has different effects depending on where it is implemented, and when implemented in the same location has different effects on different flood events.

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Section: Buffer Stripssupporting

confidence: 53%

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Pattison¹

2010

Role of Hydrology in Managing Consequences of a Changing Global Environment

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“…This impact is likely the result of increased stocking intensity decreasing the photosynthetic capacity of herbage and subsequent root development (Hart and Hoveland 1989). Langlands and Bennett (1973) observed that as stocking rate increases, nutrients located in the animal pool increase and those in the plant pool decrease. They found that as stocking rate increased, herbage availability, root weight, basal cover and soil pore space declined, but soil nutrient composition appeared to be unaffected by changes in stocking rate, especially in the surface soil.…”

Section: Microbial Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sharrow (1983) demonstrated that better nutrition is provided to animals in rotationally than continuously stocked paddocks, because amounts of plant biomass are greater. Grazing system and stocking intensity experiments in pasture research have focused on livestock weight gains, and forage quality and quantity (Langlands and Bennett 1973, Walton et al 1981, Jung et al 1985. However, the nutritional quality and quantity of forages in pasture also depend on the quality of the soil in which they grow.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of pasture management on soil biological quality

Banerjee¹,

Burton²,

McCaughey³

2000

REM

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The long-term sustainability of pasture management systems, whether related to structural stability or nutrient dynamics, is dependent upon maintaining soil biological properties. This study investigates the extent to which the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil can change with season and pasture management system, including their likely value as indicators of soil quality. The experiment was conducted on a 30-ha pasture near Brandon, Manitoba. Seasonal fluctuations were observed in the soil microbial and biochemical properties. In general, these fluctuations were mainly independent of the small variations in soil organic matter content but were more closely related to soil water content. The data also suggests an impact of stocking rate and grazing system on soil microbial biomass C and on N mineralization potential. However, because duration of the investigation, limited number of replications and the high soil variability encountered, it is not yet possible to recommend any particular grazing system and/or stocking rate favorable for the maintenance of soil biological quality. The trends suggest that light, continuous grazing systems had the largest microbial biomass and nutrient mineralizing activity.

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“…Previous research on the pasture feed year in this environment has been based on monoculture plot studies Robinson and Archer 1988), binary swards grazed by sheep (McPhee et al 1997;Ayres et al 2000), or mixed swards set stocked with sheep (Roe et al 1959;Langlands and Bennett 1973;Langlands and Holmes 1978). The significance of the present study is that it is the first description of the pattern of seasonal variation in herbage mass and nutritive value for mixed swards grazed by cattle in this environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Post-weaning growth of cattle in northern New South Wales. 1. Grazing value of temperate perennial pasture grazed by cattle

Ayres¹,

Dicker²,

McPhee³

et al. 2001

Aust. J. Exp. Agric.

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Abstract. This paper describes the botanical components, seasonal herbage mass, and nutritive value of pastures used for post-weaning growth of CRC cattle at Glen Innes before their progression to subsequent finishing and meat quality studies. The pastures under study comprised introduced temperate perennial species (tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea; phalaris, Phalaris aquatica; perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne; cocksfoot, Dactylis glomerata; white clover, Trifolium repens; and red clover, Trifolium pratense) grazed by yearling cattle and managed according to local practice to maintain herbage mass between pre-determined limits. The study took place on 3 adjacent pasture systems (P1, pasture only; P2, pasture plus formulated pellets fed in later winter-early spring; P3, pasture plus forage crop grazed in later winter-early spring) over the 3 years 1994-96 that included a severe 20-month drought event followed by a drought-recovery phase. Results are discussed in the context of the pasture feed year which was shown to comprise 3 distinct phases: (i) spring primary growth phase, high availability of green herbage mass (2500-4500 kg DM/ha) of very high digestibility (0.80-0.85) and very high N status (about 30 g N/kg DM); (ii) summer-autumn secondary regrowth, high availability of green herbage mass (2500-4000 kg DM/ha) but with only moderate nutritive value (0.65-0.70 digestibility, 15-20 g N/kg DM); and (iii) winter dormancy, low availability of green herbage mass (750-1500 kg DM/ha) but with high nutritive value (0.75-0.80 digestibility, 20-30 g N/kg DM). It was concluded that the limitations of the feed year for yearling cattle in this environment include a feed gap in winter-early spring due to low herbage mass associated with winter cold and a feed gap in summer-autumn associated with moderate nutritive value of secondary regrowth pasture.

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Stocking intensity and pastoral production: I. Changes in the soil and vegetation of a sown pasture grazed by sheep at different stocking rates

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Rural land management impacts on catchment scale flood risk

Influence of pasture management on soil biological quality

Post-weaning growth of cattle in northern New South Wales. 1. Grazing value of temperate perennial pasture grazed by cattle

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