Stoichiometric Water Consumption of Steam Gasification by the FICFB‐Gasification Process

Hofbauer, Hermann; Rauch, Reinhard

doi:10.1002/9780470694954.ch14

Cited by 36 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Figure 9 displays the product gas composition attained by variation of the gasification temperature. Details on these experiments can be found in the work of Hofbauer and Rauch [30] and can be verified by previous experiments [31]. The variation of the gasification temperature results in different product gas composition, since the reaction equilibriums and kinetics are influenced.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

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Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

Pfeifer

Koppatz

Hofbauer

2011

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

185

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Gasification of biomass is an attractive technology for combined heat and power production as well as for synthesis processes such as production of liquid and gaseous biofuels. Dual fluidised bed (DFB) technology offers the advantage of a nearly nitrogen-free product gas mainly consisting of H 2 , CO, CO 2 and CH 4 . The DFB steam gasification process has been developed at Vienna University of Technology over the last 15 years using cold flow models, laboratory units, mathematical modelling and simulation. The main findings of the experimental work at a 100-kW pilot scale unit are presented. Different fuels (wood pellets, wood chips, lignite, coal, etc.) and different bed materials (natural minerals such as olivine, limestones, calcites, etc. as well as modified olivines) have been tested and the influence on tar content as well as gas composition was measured and compared among the different components. Moreover, the influence of operating parameters such as fuel moisture content, steam/fuel ratio and gasification temperature on the product gas has been investigated. DFB steam gasification of solid biomass coupled with CO 2 capture, the so-called absorption enhanced reforming (AER) process, is highlighted. The experiments in pilot scale led to commercial realisation of this technology in demonstration scale. Summarising, the DFB system offers excellent fuel flexibility to be used in advanced power cycles as well as in polygeneration applications. Symbols and abbreviationsAER Absorption enhanced reforming CHP Combined heat and power DFB Dual fluidised bed ECCMB External circulating concurrent moving bed FICFB Fast internally circulating fluidised bed sfr Steam/fuel ratio m fuel_db_in Mass flow of dry biomass (kg/h) m w_fluid_in Mass flow of steam for the fluidisation (kg/h) m w_fuel_in Mass flow of water with the biomass (kg/h) U Superficial gas velocity, related to nominal fuel power capacity (m/s) U mfMinimum fluidisation velocity for single particle (m/s) U t Terminal velocity for single particle (m/s)

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…These results were found independently of the bed material as well as the fuel used. Details on the influence of the steam/ fuel ratio on the process have been published previously [30,32]. Moreover, the tar content decreases with increasing steam/fuel ratio.…”

Section: Variation Of the Steam/fuel Ratiomentioning

confidence: 98%

Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

Pfeifer

Koppatz

Hofbauer

2011

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

185

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“…For conventional gasification with this dual fluidized bed a 100 kW th process development unit, wood pellets as biomass, olivine as bed material b 100 kW th process development unit, wood pellets as biomass, calcite as bed material steam gasification system, olivine, a natural mineral, is used as bed material. This mineral has proven to be a suitable bed material showing enough resistance to attrition and moderate tar cracking activity during gasification [5,6]. The process yields two separate gas streams, a high quality producer gas and a conventional flue gas, at high temperatures.…”

Section: Dual Fluidized Bed Steam Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ CO₂ Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier – Bed Material and Fuel Variation

et al. 2009

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The AER (absorption enhanced reforming) process, based on the dual fluidized bed steam gasification process, uses a bed material which, apart from its function as heat carrier, acts as a CO 2 transporting agent and selectively transfers CO 2 from the gasification reactor to the combustion reactor. Thus, a hydrogen-rich gas is produced (H 2 55...70 vol.-% db , CH 4 8...13 vol.-% db , CO 5...11 vol.-% db as well as CO 2 7...20 vol.-% db ). Seven different CaO containing bed materials were tested for their principal applicability to the AER process with special focus on their influence on tar production. The amount of tars was generally found to be five times lower than with conventional gasification (at 850°C) despite the low gasification temperatures (600-700°C). Due to these low gasification temperatures, biomass with high alkali contents (e.g., straw), indicating a low ash melting point (< 800°C), can be used under AER conditions. In summary, the AER process is very effective owing to the integration of the heat of the chemical reaction of CO 2 with CaO and the water-gas shift reaction, which are both exothermic, into the gasification and the internal reforming of primary and secondary tars, which cuts off the formation of higher tars.

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“…This reduces both investment and running costs since air separation units are no longer needed and the avoided dilution of the syngas allows smaller downstream equipment. TAR production remains an issue in indirectly heated gasifiers, although TAR content can be reduced by adding steam to the gasification section [28] [29].…”

Section: Technical Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration and Evaluation

Kossiakoff¹,

Sweet²,

Seymour³

et al. 2011

Systems Engineering Principles and Practice

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Stoichiometric Water Consumption of Steam Gasification by the FICFB‐Gasification Process

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

In Situ CO₂ Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier – Bed Material and Fuel Variation

Integration and Evaluation

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Stoichiometric Water Consumption of Steam Gasification by the FICFB‐Gasification Process

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

Steam gasification of various feedstocks at a dual fluidised bed gasifier: Impacts of operation conditions and bed materials

In Situ CO2 Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier – Bed Material and Fuel Variation

Integration and Evaluation

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In Situ CO₂ Capture in a Dual Fluidized Bed Biomass Steam Gasifier – Bed Material and Fuel Variation