Stokes drift: theory and experiments

Monismith, Stephen G.

doi:10.1017/jfm.2019.891

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…See Supplementary Materials for video of particle motion. [32,33]. The focused jets emerging from the front and rear of the SurferBot are similar in form to prior observations of steady surface flows from finite planar wavemakers [34] and likely share similar fluid-mechanical origins.…”

Section: Surface Flow Measurementssupporting

confidence: 72%

SurferBot: A wave-propelled aquatic vibrobot

Rhee,

Hunt,

Thomson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Nature has evolved a vast array of strategies for propulsion at the air-fluid interface. Inspired by a survival mechanism initiated by the honeybee (Apis mellifera) trapped on the surface of water, we here present the SurferBot: a centimeter-scale vibrating robotic device that self-propels on a fluid surface using analogous hydrodynamic mechanisms as the stricken honeybee. This low-cost and easily assembled device is capable of rectilinear motion thanks to forces arising from a wave-generated, unbalanced momentum flux, achieving speeds on the order of centimeters per second. Owing to the dimensions of the SurferBot and amplitude of the capillary wave field, we find that the magnitude of the propulsive force is similar to that of the honeybee. In addition to a detailed description of the fluid mechanics underpinning the SurferBot propulsion, other modes of SurferBot locomotion are discussed. More broadly, we propose that the SurferBot can be used to explore fundamental aspects of active and driven particles at fluid interfaces, as well as in robotics and fluid mechanics pedagogy.

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Section: Surface Flow Measurementssupporting

confidence: 72%

SurferBot: A wave-propelled aquatic vibrobot

Rhee,

Hunt,

Thomson

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…It is worth noting that the wave-induced mass transport was not investigated in the WA experiments because it is extremely challenging to accurately quantify it in a laboratory set-up due to the effects of the boundaries (Monismith 2020). Furthermore, the outlet boundary condition of the flume facility was different in the two sets of experiments – in the WA tests, the channel outlet was sealed with a steel cap and the wave-absorber was present, whereas in the WC test, the outlet was regulated with a tailgate and the wave-absorber was removed – causing different return flow conditions and, hence, making the comparison between the WA and WC experiments very difficult.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the influence of collinear surface waves on turbulence in smooth-bed open-channel flows

et al. 2021

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“…While the magnitude of tidal currents decreases moving landward in the DWSC-leading one to assume that both advection and mixing would similarly decrease-this is complicated by the tidal asymmetry, which becomes more pronounced in the upper DWSC. The tidal asymmetry associated with the standing wave character in the DWSC creates a flood tide bias that can increase net Lagrangian advection landward, the so-called Stokes Drift (Monismith 2020), even when the Eulerian net flows are zero.…”

Section: Discussion Mixing Time-scales and Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion and Stratification Dynamics in the Upper Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel

Lenoch¹,

Stumpner²,

Burau³

et al. 2021

SFEWS

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Hydrodynamics control the movement of water and material within and among habitats, where time-scales of mixing can exert bottom-up regulatory effects on aquatic ecosystems through their influence on primary production. The San Francisco Estuary (estuary) is a low-productivity ecosystem, which is in part responsible for constraining higher trophic levels, including fishes. Many research and habitat-restoration efforts trying to increase primary production have been conducted, including, as described here, a whole-ecosystem nutrient addition experiment where calcium nitrate was applied in the Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel (DWSC) to see if phytoplankton production could be increased and exported out of the DWSC. As an integral part of this experiment, we investigated the physical mechanisms that control mixing, and how these mechanisms affect the strength and duration of thermal stratification, which we revealed as critical for controlling phytoplankton dynamics in the relatively turbid upper DWSC. Analysis of a suite of mixing mechanisms and time-scales show that both tidal currents and wind control mixing rates and stratification dynamics in the DWSC. Longitudinal and vertical dispersion increased during periods of high wind, during which wind speed influenced dispersion more than tidal currents. Thermal stratification developed most days, which slowed vertical mixing but was rapidly broken down by wind-induced mixing. Stratification rarely persisted for longer than 24 hours, limiting phytoplankton production in the study area. The interaction between physical mechanisms that control mixing rates, mediate stratification dynamics, and ultimately limit primary production in the DWSC may be useful in informing habitat restoration elsewhere in the Delta and in other turbid aquatic environments.

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Stokes drift: theory and experiments

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

SurferBot: A wave-propelled aquatic vibrobot

SurferBot: A wave-propelled aquatic vibrobot

On the influence of collinear surface waves on turbulence in smooth-bed open-channel flows

Dispersion and Stratification Dynamics in the Upper Sacramento River Deep Water Ship Channel

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