Stomatal acclimation to vapour pressure deficit doubles transpiration of small tree seedlings with warming

Marchin, Renée M.; Broadhead, Alice A.; Bostic, Laura E.; Dunn, Robert R.; Hoffmann, William A.

doi:10.1111/pce.12790

Cited by 79 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Predicting VPD effects on water dynamics is more complex than predicting precipitation effects because of its dual and conflicting impacts on g s and E. Increasing temperature and VPD enhances the driving force for water loss per stomatal aperture while simultaneously inducing stomatal closure to minimize water loss to an increasingly desiccating atmosphere (Jarvis & McNaughton 1986;Monteith 1995). Furthermore, the extent to which stomata could respond to rising VPD may be influenced by long-term active acclimation, modifying the stomatal sensitivity to evaporative demand (Marchin et al 2016). For instance, plants could modify the synthesis of chemical signals that induce stomatal closure to high VPD in order to maintain g s during heat waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree water dynamics in a drying and warming world

Grossiord

Sevanto

Borrego

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

100

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Disentangling the relative impacts of precipitation reduction and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) on plant water dynamics and determining whether acclimation may influence these patterns in the future is an important challenge. Here, we report sap flux density (F ), stomatal conductance (G ), hydraulic conductivity (K ) and xylem anatomy in piñon pine (Pinus edulis) and juniper (Juniperus monosperma) trees subjected to five years of precipitation reduction, atmospheric warming (elevated VPD) and their combined effects. No acclimation occurred under precipitation reduction: lower G and F were found for both species compared to ambient conditions. Warming reduced the sensibility of stomata to VPD for both species but resulted in the maintenance of G and F to ambient levels only for piñon. For juniper, reduced soil moisture under warming negated benefits of stomatal adjustments and resulted in reduced F , G and K . Although reduced stomatal sensitivity to VPD also occurred under combined stresses, reductions in G , F and K took place to similar levels as under single stresses for both species. Our results show that stomatal conductance adjustments to high VPD could minimize but not entirely prevent additive effects of warming and drying on water use and carbon acquisition of trees in semi-arid regions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree water dynamics in a drying and warming world

Grossiord

Sevanto

Borrego

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

100

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“…Plants can improve or acquire thermotolerance in several ways. Currently, the known pathways to enhance thermotolerance of plants include breeding of heat-tolerant cultivars (Yan et al, 2010), heat acclimation (Mueller et al, 2015), spraying exogenous substances such as salicylic acid and calcium solution (Shen et al, 2016), inoculation of fungus (Martin and Stutz, 2004), and improving cultivation and management measures, such as light intensity and RH (Lu et al, 2017;Marchin et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Relative Air Humidity and High Temperature on the Physiological and Anatomical Responses of Two Rhododendron Cultivars

Ma¹,

Liang²,

Zhao³

2019

horts

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The effects of different relative air humidity (RH) levels under high temperature and accompanying vapor pressure deficits (VPDs) on the physiology, photosynthesis, and anatomy of Rhododendron need to be better understood to help in reducing damage to leaves caused by high temperature. In this study, two Rhododendron cultivars were exposed at 45%, 55%, 65%, 75%, and 85% RH to a treatment of constant temperature at 38 °C for 14 days, resulting in a VPD of 3.64, 2.98, 2.32, 1.66, and 0.99 kPa, respectively. The results showed the least reduction of the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) under 75% RH treatment in R. ‘Fen Zhenzhu’ (decreased by 79.8%), and under the 85% RH treatment in R. ‘Zhuangyuan Hong’ (decreased by 75.4%). The decline in relative water content (RWC) was less under the 75% and 85% RH treatments, and electrolyte leakage showed a slight decrease under the 75% RH treatment in the two Rhododendron cultivars. The appearance of the two cultivars under greater RH showed less damage, probably because plants can avoid damage by increasing total chlorophyll content, decreasing stomatal area, stomatal density, and opened stomata ratio, enhancing enzymatic activity and osmoregulation substances, and improving leaf structure. The findings show that greater RH can alleviate damage caused by heat stress and improve thermostability.

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“…Certain plant functional types have been found to show acclimation to long‐term VPD and therefore do not experience reduced stomatal conductance in response to short‐term VPD. In such instances, plants may maintain carbon gain despite increases in VPD (Marchin, Broadhead, Bostic, Dunn, & Hoffmann, ). Increased VPD in our dry forest that resulted in reduced stomatal conductance may contribute to reduced growth in the dry forest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall seasonality and drought performance shape the distribution of tropical tree species in Ghana

Amissah

Mohren

Kyereh

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Tree species distribution in lowland tropical forests is strongly associated with rainfall amount and distribution. Not only plant water availability, but also irradiance, soil fertility, and pest pressure covary along rainfall gradients. To assess the role of water availability in shaping species distribution, we carried out a reciprocal transplanting experiment in gaps in a dry and a wet forest site in Ghana, using 2,670 seedlings of 23 tree species belonging to three contrasting rainfall distributions groups (dry species, ubiquitous species, and wet species). We evaluated seasonal patterns in climatic conditions, seedling physiology and performance (survival and growth) over a 2‐year period and related seedling performance to species distribution along Ghana's rainfall gradient. The dry forest site had, compared to the wet forest, higher irradiance, and soil nutrient availability and experienced stronger atmospheric drought (2.0 vs. 0.6 kPa vapor pressure deficit) and reduced soil water potential (−5.0 vs. −0.6 MPa soil water potential) during the dry season. In both forests, dry species showed significantly higher stomatal conductance and lower leaf water potential, than wet species, and in the dry forest, dry species also realized higher drought survival and growth rate than wet species. Dry species are therefore more drought tolerant, and unlike the wet forest species, they achieve a home advantage. Species drought performance in the dry forest relative to the wet forest significantly predicted species position on the rainfall gradient in Ghana, indicating that the ability to grow and survive better in dry forests and during dry seasons may allow species to occur in low rainfall areas. Drought is therefore an important environmental filter that influences forest composition and dynamics. Currently, many tropical forests experience increase in frequency and intensity of droughts, and our results suggest that this may lead to reduction in tree productivity and shifts in species distribution.

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Stomatal acclimation to vapour pressure deficit doubles transpiration of small tree seedlings with warming

Cited by 79 publications

References 97 publications

Tree water dynamics in a drying and warming world

Tree water dynamics in a drying and warming world

Effect of Relative Air Humidity and High Temperature on the Physiological and Anatomical Responses of Two Rhododendron Cultivars

Rainfall seasonality and drought performance shape the distribution of tropical tree species in Ghana

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