Stony coral diseases observed in southwestern Caribbean reefs

Garzón-Ferreira, Jaime; Gil-Agudelo, Diego L.; Barrios, Lina M.; Zea, Sven

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3284-0_5

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…White-plague (e.g., Dustan, 1977;Dustan & Halas, 1987;Richardson et al, 1998), bleaching, and dark spots ) were observed on several habitats throughout the banks. These diseases have been observed in these areas of Colombian reefs since the mid 1990s (see review in Garzon-Ferreira et al, 2001 and references therein). Effects from white plague were particularly serious in a localized but extensive area of Serrana Bank (Sánchez et al, submitted).…”

Section: Current State Of the Benthic Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating coral reef benthic communities in remote atolls (Quitasueno, Serrana, and Roncador Banks) to recommend marine-protected areas for the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve

Sánchez¹,

Pizarro²,

Acosta-De-Sanchez³

et al. 2005

Atoll Research Bulletin

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Section: Current State Of the Benthic Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating coral reef benthic communities in remote atolls (Quitasueno, Serrana, and Roncador Banks) to recommend marine-protected areas for the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve

Sánchez¹,

Pizarro²,

Acosta-De-Sanchez³

et al. 2005

Atoll Research Bulletin

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“…4C,D) disease has been reported throughout the Caribbean since 1994 (Santavy & Peters 1997, Santavy et al 1999, Cervino et al 2001, Toller et al 2001, Weil et al 2002. YBL affects 9 scleractinian coral species (Table 2; Garzón-Ferreira et al 2001), but most often affects Montastraea annularis (Cervino et al 2001). The causal agent of YBL is unknown.…”

Section: Yellow Blotch/bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease and immunity in Caribbean and Indo-Pacific zooxanthellate corals

Sutherland¹,

Porter²,

Torres³

2004

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

499

509

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Since the mid-1990s, coral diseases have increased in number, species affected, and geographic extent. To date, 18 coral diseases, affecting at least 150 scleractinian, gorgonian, and hydrozoan zooxanthellate species, have been described from the Caribbean and the Indo-Pacific. These diseases are associated with pathogens including bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, and protists and with abiotic stressors including elevated seawater temperature, sedimentation, eutrophication, and pollution. Etiologies of only 5 of the 18 coral diseases have been determined through fulfillment of Koch's postulates. Corals and other invertebrates utilize innate immune mechanisms including physiochemical barriers and cellular and humoral defenses against pathogens. Here we review the described coral diseases, known etiologies, and efforts to determine unknown etiologies. We define disease terms, discuss the limitations of Koch's postulates, describe alternative techniques for identifying disease-causing organisms, and review coral immunology.

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“…An unequivocal sign of these changes is the loss of coral cover which was estimated around 5% per year until 2001 (Gardner et al 2003, Côté et al 2005. Multiple natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as coastal development (Hallock et al 1993, Bak & Nieuwland 1995, Guzman & Jackson 2008, bleaching events and hurricanes (Edmunds 2002, Buddemeier et al 2004, Somerfield et al 2008 and coral diseases (Aronson & Precht 1997, Garzón-Ferreira et al 2001, Sutherland et al 2004) among others have contributed to coral reductions. Algae have become more abundant on many reefs across the Caribbean as a result of coral mortality (McClanahan et al 1999 and reduced herbivory (Hughes 1994, Mumby et al 2006.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent dynamics and condition of coral reefs in the Colombian Caribbean

Rodríguez-Ramírez

Reyes-Nivia

Zea

et al. 2015

RBT

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Long-term monitoring data provide a basis to recognize changes in coral reef communities and to implement appropriate management strategies. Unfortunately, coral reef dynamics have been poorly documented at any temporal scale in the Southern Caribbean. Through the "National Monitoring System of Coral Reefs in Colombia" (Spanish acronym: SIMAC), we assessed 32 permanent plots at different depth levels in six reefs areas of the Colombian Caribbean from 1998 to 2004. Temporal trends in coral and algal cover were evaluated by repeated measures ANOVA. The model included the effect of depth levels (a fixed effect), monitoring plots (a random effect) as a nested factor within depths, and time (repeated factor). We found high spatial variability in major benthic components. Overall means indicated that algae were the most abundant biotic component in nearly all areas, ranging from 30.3% at Rosario to 53.3% at San Andrés. Live coral cover varied considerably from 10.1% at Santa Marta up to 43.5% at Urabá. Coral and algae cover per se are not always accurate reef indicators and therefore they need supplementary information. Temporal analyses suggested relative stability of coral and algal cover along the study but the causes for the observed trends were rarely identified. A significant decrease (p=0.042) in coral cover was only identified for some monitoring plots in Tayrona-time x plot (depth level) interaction, and importantly, few coral species explained this trend. Significant increase (p=0.005) in algal cover was observed over time for most plots in Rosario. Temporal trajectories in algal cover were influenced by depth-significant time x depth interaction-in San Andrés (increase, p=0.004) and Urabá (decrease, p=0.027). Algae trends were mainly explained by changes in algal turfs. Monitoring programs must focus on the mechanisms mediating the changes, in particular those concerning coral recovery and reef resilience in the current context of climate change. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (Suppl. 1): 107-131. Epub 2010 May 01.

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Stony coral diseases observed in southwestern Caribbean reefs

Cited by 37 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluating coral reef benthic communities in remote atolls (Quitasueno, Serrana, and Roncador Banks) to recommend marine-protected areas for the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve

Evaluating coral reef benthic communities in remote atolls (Quitasueno, Serrana, and Roncador Banks) to recommend marine-protected areas for the Seaflower Biosphere Reserve

Disease and immunity in Caribbean and Indo-Pacific zooxanthellate corals

Recent dynamics and condition of coral reefs in the Colombian Caribbean

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