StopWatch: Pilot study for an Apple Watch application for youth with ADHD

Leikauf, John; Correa, Carlos G.; Bueno, Andrew N; Sempere, Vicente Peris; Williams, Leanne M.

doi:10.1177/20552076211001215

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A small percentage of the studies (5/19, 26%) [ 23 , 29 , 30 , 34 , 35 ] examined how the use of wearable devices could be used to accurately diagnose ADHD and evaluate the treatment efficacy of various strategies used to treat children with ADHD. Although each of the studies in this category had different methods and objectives and collected different physiological measurements, all the devices used in these studies used an accelerometer [ 23 , 29 , 30 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all, 11% (2/19) of studies used a smart watch application [ 29 , 30 ]. Leikauf et al [ 29 ] conducted a pilot study on the efficacy of StopWatch, a smart watch application designed to track movement and provide visual and haptic feedback regarding the movement data collected for patients with ADHD. As this application collected movement data via an accelerometer, this study focused specifically on the hyperactivity aspect of ADHD.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Scoping Review

Welch¹,

Wy²,

Ligęzka³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

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Background Mental health disorders are a leading cause of medical disabilities across an individual’s lifespan. This burden is particularly substantial in children and adolescents because of challenges in diagnosis and the lack of precision medicine approaches. However, the widespread adoption of wearable devices (eg, smart watches) that are conducive for artificial intelligence applications to remotely diagnose and manage psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents is promising. Objective This study aims to conduct a scoping review to study, characterize, and identify areas of innovations with wearable devices that can augment current in-person physician assessments to individualize diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders in child and adolescent psychiatry. Methods This scoping review used information from the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. A comprehensive search of several databases from 2011 to June 25, 2021, limited to the English language and excluding animal studies, was conducted. The databases included Ovid MEDLINE and Epub ahead of print, in-process and other nonindexed citations, and daily; Ovid Embase; Ovid Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials; Ovid Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; Web of Science; and Scopus. Results The initial search yielded 344 articles, from which 19 (5.5%) articles were left on the final source list for this scoping review. Articles were divided into three main groups as follows: studies with the main focus on autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and internalizing disorders such as anxiety disorders. Most of the studies used either cardio-fitness chest straps with electrocardiogram sensors or wrist-worn biosensors, such as watches by Fitbit. Both allowed passive data collection of the physiological signals. Conclusions Our scoping review found a large heterogeneity of methods and findings in artificial intelligence studies in child psychiatry. Overall, the largest gap identified in this scoping review is the lack of randomized controlled trials, as most studies available were pilot studies and feasibility trials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Scoping Review

Welch¹,

Wy²,

Ligęzka³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The database searches identi ed 2498 records. From these, a total of 10 records were identi ed for inclusion (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Scoping Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Of the 10 interventions identi ed, seven measured ADHD symptoms as the target for their intervention (21,23,25,(27)(28)(29)(30). The remaining three were each designed to target different outcomes which may be negatively affected by the participants ADHD: hazard perception while driving, homework problems, and medication engagement (22,24,26).…”

Section: Scoping Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provision of digital health interventions for young people with ADHD in primary care: findings from a national survey and scoping review

Gudka,

Becker,

Newlove-Delgado

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background People with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at risk of negative health outcomes, with risks reduced through evidence-based treatments. Therefore, ensuring continued access to treatment for young people with ADHD, especially as they transition from child to adult services, is a priority. Currently many young people with ADHD are unable to access adequate care, with negative consequences for patients and their communities. Preliminary evidence suggests digital health interventions (DHIs) may act as an effective adjunct to usual care, helping overcome barriers to access, and improving outcomes by increasing understanding of ADHD as a long-term condition. The aim of this mixed methods study is to explore the healthcare information preferences of people with lived experience of ADHD in the primary care context and considers these in the light of the emerging body of literature on DHIs for ADHD. Methods A cross-sectional survey on used and preferred healthcare information resources for people with ADHD was disseminated via research networks, national organisations, and social media. A scoping review of evidence on DHIs for people with ADHD aged 16–25 was conducted, with synthesis of evidence on barriers and facilitators to implementation. A descriptive summary of survey responses was compared and discussed in the context of DHIs identified in the scoping review. Results Digital apps, followed by support groups, were deemed the most useful information resource types by survey respondents, but were the least currently used/provided. Over 40% participants indicated a preference for signposting to all resource types by their general practitioner (GP), suggesting that GPs are credible sources for ADHD healthcare information. The scoping review identified 10 studies of DHI for ADHD, consisting of games, symptom monitoring, psychoeducation, and medication reminders, with limited evidence of effectiveness/implementation. Conclusions People with ADHD state a preference for digital apps as an adjunct to usual care. However, these are currently the least provided information resource in primary care, indicating a key area for future development. The limited evidence base on DHIs for ADHD suggests combining digital apps and support networks, and utilising multimodal delivery methods may also enhance the delivery of healthcare information.

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“…Mobile and wearable technologies have been used to support children with ADHD to become more organized in family and home settings [ 45 – 48 ]. For example, MOBERO [ 47 , 48 ], a tool to support families living with at least one child diagnosed with ADHD during their morning and bedtime routines, was tested for one month with 13 families.…”

Section: Rationale For Dhi To Support Children With Adhdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents’ perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: Rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19

et al. 2021

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Distance learning in response to the COVID-19 pandemic presented tremendous challenges for many families. Parents were expected to support children’s learning, often while also working from home. Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are at particularly high risk for setbacks due to difficulties with organization and increased risk of not participating in scheduled online learning. This paper explores how smartwatch technology, including timing notifications, can support children with ADHD during distance learning due to COVID-19. We implemented a 6-week pilot study of a Digital Health Intervention (DHI) with ten families. The DHI included a smartwatch and a smartphone. Google calendars were synchronized across devices to guide children through daily schedules. After the sixth week, we conducted parent interviews to understand the use of smartwatches and the impact on children’s functioning, and we collected physiological data directly from the smartwatch. Our results demonstrated that children successfully adopted the use of the smartwatch, and parents believed the intervention was helpful, especially in supporting the development of organizational skills in their children. Overall, we illustrate how even simple DHIs, such as using smartwatches to promote daily organization and task completion, have the potential to support children and families, particularly during periods of distance learning. We include practical suggestions to help professionals teach children with ADHD to use smartwatches to improve organization and task completion, especially as it applies to supporting remote instruction.

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StopWatch: Pilot study for an Apple Watch application for youth with ADHD

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Scoping Review

Use of Mobile and Wearable Artificial Intelligence in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Scoping Review

Provision of digital health interventions for young people with ADHD in primary care: findings from a national survey and scoping review

Parents’ perspectives on a smartwatch intervention for children with ADHD: Rapid deployment and feasibility evaluation of a pilot intervention to support distance learning during COVID-19

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