Storage and Fuel Quality of Coniferous Wood Chips

Gejdoš, Miloš; Lieskovský, Martin; Slančík, Martin; Němec, Miroslav; Danihelová, Zuzana

doi:10.15376/biores.10.3.5544-5553

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…For fresh wood chips (50% to 60% moisture content), calorific value amounts to 6 GJ/Mg to 8 GJ/Mg, while for air-dry wood chips (10% to 20%) it increases to 14 GJ/Mg to 16 GJ/Mg, to reach approximately 19 GJ/Mg upon complete drying (Hałuzio and Musiał 2004;Gendek and Głowacki 2008;Gendek and Zychowicz 2014;Lieskovský et al 2017). These figures are comparable to previous literature data for the calorific value of timber and biomass (Borowski 2007;Kent et al 2009;Günther et al 2012;Gejdoš et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effects of Intentional Reduction in Moisture Content of Forest Wood Chips during Transport on Truckload Price

2018

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Wood chip transportation is a widespread practice in Poland, with distances between forest sites and power or heating plants reaching 300 km and truck transport times of up to 6 h. Because the basic parameter affecting biomass quality for energy production is moisture content, the objective of the presented economic analysis was to determine its effect on the price of wood chips transported by semi-trailer trucks. This paper considered the possibility of drying biomass in the semi-trailer. No external energy consumption was envisioned; the heat needed for drying was obtained from the truck cooling or exhaust systems via heat exchangers. The moisture content of transported biomass had a dual effect on the final truckload price. While it increased biomass amount by adding to its weight, it decreased its price by lowering its calorific value. Mathematical analysis showed that a decrease in wood chip moisture content increased truckload price, justifying research on technological improvements of this process. Simulations indicated that by reducing moisture content during transportation, biomass suppliers increased their revenues approximately € 3.6 to € 30.0 per truckload, which translates into annual financial profit ranging from tens of thousands of euros (EUR) to more than € 23,810.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Effects of Intentional Reduction in Moisture Content of Forest Wood Chips during Transport on Truckload Price

2018

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“…The average moisture content of wood chips is in accordance to the 44-66% range (wb) as reported by Gejdos et al (2015) for newly processed materials of two different species, Norway spruce (Piceaabies L.) and silver fir (Abies alba L.). This range is also in accordance with values verified by Thörnqvist & Jirjis (1990) in Sweden with wood chips stored in stacks of 90 m in length, 14 m in width, and 7 m in height, in the open air without any external ventilation.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Moisture Contentsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The authors found average value of 38.8% wb for chips stored for approximately 7 days, 32.8% wb for those stored for 30 days, and 35.7% wb for those stored for 60 days. The variation in these values can be attributed to the moisture content of particulate materials affected mainly by the regional climatic conditions, size of particles and storage method (Barontini et al, 2014;Gejdos et al, 2015;Jirjis, 2005;Manzone et al, 2013) as well as by the physical structure and anatomy of the species that influenced water loss.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Moisture Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Three-dimensional Moisture Content of Wood Chip Piles for Energy Production

et al. 2019

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The aim of this study was to apply geostatistics to predict the spatial pattern of variations in moisture content of eucalyptus wood chip piles to generate subsidies for adequate sampling and material handling. Wood chip piles were installed in three different storage cycles using newly cut material for 7, 30, and 60 days. Sampling was performed in axial (top, middle, and base) and lateral positions, so that all samples were georeferenced in relation to the distance from the ground and the center of the pile. Moisture values were submitted to geostatistical analysis and kriging. The results confirmed the spatial dependence of moisture content over the piles stored at 7 and 30 days; however, the effect of rainfall was crucial to reduce the spatial dependence of moisture content. The results showed that geostatistics is a useful tool for the creation of reliable sampling protocols.

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“…However, their increased consumption is inevitably connected with questioning their quality [1][2]. Quality is in specific cases determined by the method of production and the storage process [3][4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Town heating plants in Slovakia usually store wood chips in high-capacity piles (over 1 t), which are freely stored and thus exposed to atmospheric conditions [1]. The supply and transfer of the raw material to and from such piles is not usually continual.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Risks from Long-Term Storage of Wood Chips

Lieskovský¹,

Gejdoš²,

Messingerová³

et al. 2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Renewable energy sources based on wood are becoming increasingly important and popular. However, their increased consumption is inevitably connected with questioning their quality [1][2]. Quality is in specific cases determined by the method of production and the storage process [3][4]. The quality of wood chips is at present evaluated according to the calorific value and moisture content, which are often influenced, besides the wood species itself, by weather conditions and storage method [5][6][7][8][9]. The increased number of plants using wood chips as a source of energy is connected with raising the question of health and safety hazards associated with the production and storage of wood chips. The factors most hazardous for human health are represented by the hazards associated with the activity of fungi and moulds in Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 26, No. 6 (2017), 2633-2641 AbstractThe aim of our study was to monitor and analyze the main biological hazards connected to the long-term storage of wood chips for energy production. The analysis was carried out in four high-capacity storage yards of the town heating plants in the Banská Bystrica self-governing region in Slovakia. Five samples were taken from each pile of a rectangular shape and volume over 4,000 m 3 ; the sampling was carried out at the beginning of the monitoring period and at the end of the monitoring period (after one year). Thirtyfour species of microscopic fungi were identified (18 at the beginning of the monitoring period and 16 at the end of the monitoring period). Thirty-three of them can potentially cause severe diseases. Fungi of the genus Aspergillus, causing severe diseases, were identified as the most abundant. The research confirmed that if the length of storage time is more than a year, the potential hazards for human health increase due to the increasing number of spore-forming pathogens. Following the monitoring of atmospheric conditions the highest increase of harmful spores was recorded at the average annual temperature of 10ºC and precipitation of over 1,000 mm a year.

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Storage and Fuel Quality of Coniferous Wood Chips

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Intentional Reduction in Moisture Content of Forest Wood Chips during Transport on Truckload Price

Effects of Intentional Reduction in Moisture Content of Forest Wood Chips during Transport on Truckload Price

Mapping Three-dimensional Moisture Content of Wood Chip Piles for Energy Production

Biological Risks from Long-Term Storage of Wood Chips

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