Storage of Light in Atomic Vapor

Phillips, David F.; Fleischhauer, A.; Mair, A.; Walsworth, Ronald L.; Lukin, Mikhail D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.783

Cited by 1,978 publications

(1,443 citation statements)

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“…The quantum nature of light evades this higher level of catastrophic behaviour while producing a quantum phenomenon known as Hawking radiation 3 . As this letter describes, light brought to a standstill in laboratory experiments 4,5,6 can suffer a similar wave singularity caused by a parabolic profile of the group velocity 7 . In turn, the quantum vacuum is forced to create photon pairs with a characteristic spectrum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…One can manipulate certain material media to give them extraordinary optical properties. Inside such media light may propagate with a negative 11 or very low 12 group velocity 7 or light may be completely frozen 4,5,6 . In a medium with Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency 13 (EIT) an external control beam dictates the group velocity v g of a second and weaker probe beam to slow down the probe light 4,5,6,12 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inside such media light may propagate with a negative 11 or very low 12 group velocity 7 or light may be completely frozen 4,5,6 . In a medium with Electromagnetically-Induced Transparency 13 (EIT) an external control beam dictates the group velocity v g of a second and weaker probe beam to slow down the probe light 4,5,6,12 . Once the first beam has gained control, the group velocity of the second one is essentially proportional to the control intensity I c , even in the limit when I c vanishes 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium

Leónhardt

2002

Nature

140

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confidence: 91%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium

Leónhardt

2002

Nature

140

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“…A precondition for such effects is thus a sufficiently long lifetime of the microscopic polarization, i.e., a slow dephasing. Investigations of this topic are therefore often limited to systems at low temperature and with only few emitters [FRY93,SCU97,PHI01,BRI10], in order to keep the number of possible dephasing processes small [CHO03].…”

Section: Coherent Transients In Quantum-dot Amplifiersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Lingnau

2015

Springer Theses

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In this thesis the dynamics and performance of optoelectronic devices based on semiconductor quantum-dots are investigated.In the first part, the dynamics of quantum-dot lasers under external perturbations is discussed. Using a microscopically based balance equation model that incorporates detailed charge-carrier scattering dynamics and the possibility to describe nonequilibrium between intra-band electronic states, the relaxation oscillations of the quantum-dot laser are investigated. Three qualitatively different dynamic regimes are identified in dependence of the scattering rates -the "constantreservoir" regime for slow scattering, the "overdamped" regime, and the "synchronized" regime for high scattering -characterized by a varying degree of nonequilibrium between the quantum-dot and reservoir states.Important differences to conventional lasers are found in the modulation response and the dynamics in optical injection and feedback setups. Common theoretical models and approaches used to describe these applications are shown to yield inaccurate predictions, especially in the "constant-reservoir" and "overdamped" dynamic regimes. An important consequence is that the amplitude-phase coupling in quantum-dot lasers, commonly described by the α-factor, differs from conventional descriptions due to the desynchronization of gain and refractive index. While the α-factor describes bifurcations of fixed points accurately, it fails in describing dynamic solutions and overestimates the extent of complex dynamics. The observed low sensitivity to optical perturbations in quantum-dot lasers can therefore be attributed partly to the charge-carrier nonequilibrium. Three quantum-dot laser models on different levels of sophistication are presented that can accurately describe the quantum-dot nonequilibrium dynamics.In the second part of the thesis, the performance of quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers is investigated, and two types of applications unique to quantum-dots as active medium are discussed. The ground and excited states of the quantum-dots allow an ultra-broad-band amplification of optical data streams. Amplified signals on the ground-state frequencies are shown to generally exhibit higher quality than on the excited state, due to a lower sensitivity of the groundstate to carrier-density variations. Nevertheless the quantum-dot amplifier is found to allow effective amplification on both frequency ranges. Furthermore, a parameter range is identified that allows for a simultaneous amplification of data signals on the ground and excited state in a counter-propagating setup.The long microscopically polarization dephasing times in quantum-dots are found to enable quantum-coherent interactions on a macroscopic scale at room-temperature. By comparison with experiments, the occurrence of Rabi-oscillations by amplification of ultra-short pulses is demonstrated. Quantum-dot based devices could therefore be used for future applications based on quantum-coherent effects.

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“…The absorption is suppressed due to a quantum mechanical interference between different excitation pathways of atomic energy levels leading to the EIT. The EIT has various important applications in quantum and nonlinear optics, such as slow and stored light [7][8][9][10][11][12], stationary light [13,14], multiwave mixing [15][16][17], optical solitons [18][19][20][21][22][23], optical bistability [24,25] and Kerr nonlinearity [26][27][28][29][30]. Using the slow light greatly enhances the light-matter interaction and enables nonlinear optical processes to achieve significant efficiency even at a singlephoton level [26,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetically induced transparency and nonlinear pulse propagation in a combined tripod and Λ atom-light coupling scheme

Hamedi

Ruseckas

Juzeliūnas

2017

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Abstract. We consider propagation of a probe pulse in an atomic medium characterized by a combined tripod and Lambda (Λ) atom-light coupling scheme. The scheme involves three atomic ground states coupled to two excited states by five light fields. It is demonstrated that dark states can be formed for such an atomlight coupling. This is essential for formation of the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and slow light. In the limiting cases the scheme reduces to conventional Λ-or N -type atom-light couplings providing the EIT or absorption, respectively. Thus the atomic system can experience a transition from the EIT to the absorption by changing the amplitudes or phases of control lasers. Subsequently the scheme is employed to analyze the nonlinear pulse propagation using the coupled Maxwell-Bloch equations. It is shown that generation of stable slow light optical solitons is possible in such a five-level combined tripod and Λ atomic system.

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Storage of Light in Atomic Vapor

Cited by 1,978 publications

References 21 publications

A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium

A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Electromagnetically induced transparency and nonlinear pulse propagation in a combined tripod and Λ atom-light coupling scheme

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