Strain engineered linear dichroism and Faraday rotation in few-layer phosphorene

Li, L. L.; Peeters, F. M.

doi:10.1063/1.5103172

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It has been reported that the preferential direction for optical conductivity is along the AC direction and the optical conductivity can be tuned by applying strain [24]. Also, the linear dichroism and the Faraday rotation of strained and electric field-induced few-layer phosphorene have been studied [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear interband optical refraction and absorption in strained black phosphorene

Yarmohammadi

Mortezaei

Tien

et al. 2020

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Strain effects have been widely addressed in monolayer black phosphorus (MBP) due to its significant influence on the orbital hybridization of atoms. In this theoretical contribution, we use the tight-binding model, the Harrison rule and the Kubo formula to describe the optical refraction and absorption of MBP in detail. The analytical study of the band gap in strained MBP demonstrates electronic phase transitions from semiconductor-to-semimetal/metal and semiconductor-to-insulator, in which both the compressive and tensile strains act linearly on the band gap alterations. The critical strains corresponding to these phase transitions are fully characterized as well. Our calculations show that the variation of the refraction inflections and absorption peaks depends on the strained band gap, however; the band gap changes under out-of-plane strains are different than the in-plane ones. The conditions under which this discrepancy is significant and/or negligible are investigated. Moreover, the dedication of minimal/maximal optical refraction and/or absorption in MBP to both in-plane and out-of-plane strains are fully addressed. Our theoretical results clarify the strain-induced interplay between the band gap and optical properties to propose a wide range of applications in nano-optoelectronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear interband optical refraction and absorption in strained black phosphorene

Yarmohammadi

Mortezaei

Tien

et al. 2020

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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“…The highly anisotropic nature of phosphorene has been demonstrated through Raman and polarization photoluminescence measurements, in which the photoluminescence spectroscopy has also revealed the layer-dependent band gap of phosphorene 18 . Theoretical point of view, it has been shown that the uniaxial strain along both armchair and zigzag directions of few-layer BP modulates significantly the linear dichroism and the Faraday rotation quantities 45 . Furthermore, the optical conductivity of BP in the presence of both uni- and bi-axial strains has been theoretically calculated using the Kubo formula 46 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic competition between strain and electric field stimuli in tuning EELS of phosphorene

Yarmohammadi

Hoi

Phuong

2021

Sci Rep

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The strongly anisotropic properties of phosphorene makes it an attractive material for applications in deciding the specific direction for different purposes. Here we have particularly reported the competition between strain and electric field stimuli in evaluating the band gap and electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) of single-layer black phosphorus using the tight-binding method and the Kubo conductivity. We construct possible configurations for this competition and evaluate the interband optical excitations considering the corresponding band gap variations. The band gap increases with the individual electric field, while it increases (decreases) with tensile (compressive) uniaxial in-plane strain. Contrary to the in-plane strains, the uniaxial out-of-plane strain shows a critical strain at which the system suffers from a phase transition. Furthermore, the presence of these stimuli simultaneously results in an extraordinary band gap engineering. Based on the EELS response in the electromagnetic spectrum, the armchair (zigzag) direction is classified into the infrared and visible (ultraviolet) region. We report that the electric field gives rise to the blue shift in the interband optical transitions along the armchair direction, while the compressive/tensile (tensile/compressive) in-plane/out-of-plane strain provides a red (blue) shift. Moreover, we observe an inverse behavior of EELS response to the individual and combined effects of electric field and strains compared to the band gap behavior except at critical out-of-plane strain for which the physical theory of interband excitation is simply violated. Our results provide a new perspective on the applicability of phosphorene in stimulated optical applications.

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“…Additionally, the role of uniaxial strain and the perpendicular electric field along both the armchair and zigzag directions of few-layer phosphorene has been studied theoretically, which modulates the linear dichroism and the Faraday rotation quantities [38,39]. On the other hand, using the Kubo formula, the optical conductivity of strained phosphorene has been calculated theoretically [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rotating exchange field effect on the electron energy loss spectrum of black phosphorene: anisotropic blue and red shift phenomena

Yarmohammadi¹,

Mirabbaszadeh²

2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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How to tune optical transitions via physical perturbations is an intriguing fundamental question on the optical properties of materials. We theoretically present interesting blue and red shifts for the interband electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) in black phosphorene coupled to a magnetic material with a rotating magnetization. Employing the two-band Hamiltonian model in the presence of the rotating exchange field and the Kubo formalism, we obtain the band gap changes and the corresponding EELS functions at a certain temperature. We show that the EELS amplitude behavior is inversely proportional to the band gap changes induced by the rotating exchange field, while the specific position of the peaks in EELS function takes place at optical energies equal to the modified band gaps. We further show that depending on the polar and azimuth angles of the magnetization vector, regular and irregular blue and red shifts can emerge. Our findings report that manipulating anisotropic interband optical excitations in phosphorene through magnetic perturbations are the key for various optoelectronic applications.

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Strain engineered linear dichroism and Faraday rotation in few-layer phosphorene

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Linear interband optical refraction and absorption in strained black phosphorene

Linear interband optical refraction and absorption in strained black phosphorene

Systematic competition between strain and electric field stimuli in tuning EELS of phosphorene

Rotating exchange field effect on the electron energy loss spectrum of black phosphorene: anisotropic blue and red shift phenomena

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