Strain and SiC particle formation in silicon implanted with carbon ions of medium fluence studied by synchrotron x-ray diffraction Strain stability of phosphorus doped pseudomorphically strained Si:C alloy is investigated via high-resolution X-ray diffractometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Hall measurement. Significant strain relaxations are found under post-annealing treatment far below b-SiC precipitation threshold temperature, especially for the highest phosphorus doped case. Most of the substitutional carbon is retained and no further b-SiC formation can be found for all samples investigated. Volume compensation through gettering of interstitial atoms around substitutional carbon is considered as a probable mechanism for the observed strain relaxation. The strain relaxation effect can be further reduced with HF treatment prior to post-annealing process. We found an upper limit for ion implant dose (<1 Â 10 14 atom/cm 2 ) for the retention of strain stability in phosphorus doped Si:C. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx.