Strain of concrete during first heating to 600°C under load

Khoury, G. A.; Grainger, Brian N.; Sullivan, P. J. E.

doi:10.1680/macr.1985.37.133.195

Cited by 160 publications

(117 citation statements)

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“…• C [5,6,8,9] although the intense shrinkage begins as soon as this temperature is exceeded. This significantly contributes to the porosity evolution of the cement paste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of cement concrete at high temperature

Hager¹

2013

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

242

196

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Abstract. The paper presents the impact of high temperature on cement concrete. The presented data have been selected both from the author's most recent research and the published literature in order to provide a brief outline of the subject. The effect of a high temperature on concrete covers changes taking place in cement paste, aggregates, as well as the interaction of these two constituents, that result in changes of mechanical and physical characteristics of concrete. This paper presents the effects of a high temperature on selected physical properties of concrete, including colour change, thermal strain, thermal strains under load, and transient thermal strains. In addition, changes to mechanical properties are discussed: stress-strain relationship, compressive strength, and modulus of elasticity. Moreover, the phenomenon of explosive spalling and the main factors that affect its extent are analysed in light of the most recent research.

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“…• C [5,6,8,9] although the intense shrinkage begins as soon as this temperature is exceeded. This significantly contributes to the porosity evolution of the cement paste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behaviour of cement concrete at high temperature

Hager¹

2013

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences

242

196

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“…Therefore it was also called "thermal induced strain" according to (Khoury et al 1985b). The pure transient creep will not be calculated numerically within the proposed calculation procedure described below but the exact relationship is given in equation (42) …”

Section: Total Mechanical Strainmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Advanced Transient Concrete Model for the Determination of Restraint in Concrete Structures Subjected to Fire

Schneider¹,

Schneider

2009

ACT

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The advanced transient concrete model (ATCM) is an extended model for concrete in compression at elevated temperature that incorporates elastic, plastic and creep strain as a function of temperature and stress history. The ATCM is applied with the material model of the thermal induced strain model. The non-linear model comprises thermal strain, elastic strain, plastic strain and transient temperature strains and load history modelling of restraint concrete structures subjected to fire. The mechanical strain is calculated as a function of elastic strain, plastic strain and thermal induced strain. The thermal induced strain is relative independent compared to dependence of Young's modulus by load history. Actually the term comprises elastic, plastic and (pure) transient creep strains as we will show. A comparison is given between experimental results with cylindrical specimens and calculated results. The equations of the ATCM consider a lot of capabilities, especially for considering the irreversible effects of temperature on some material properties. By considering the load history during heating up, an increasing load bearing capacity due to a higher stiffness of concrete may be obtained. With this model it is possible to apply the thermal-physical behaviour of material laws for calculation of structures under extreme temperature conditions. The effect of load history in highly loaded structures under fire load will be investigated. The theoretical basis is given in this paper.

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“…On the other hand, in [18], since the difference between the thermal strain and the apparent strain is proportional to the compressive strength, the shrinkage strain, which depends on the compressive stress, is formalized as shrinkage strain per unit stress.…”

Section: Shrinkage Strain Of Compressive Concrete Exposed To Heatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Compressive Strength and Strain Behavior of Concrete at High Temperatures<BR>-Chapter 1 Introduction-

Michikoshi

2008

Fire Science and Technology

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Although reinforced concrete structures are generally considered to be resistant to fire, there are cases where large quantities of combustibles are present, the fire continues for a long time, or where the long-term load on the structural members is high, and thus the construction could collapse [1]. Even when structures are built using reinforced concrete, their fire resistance should not be regarded as unquestionable.In particular, when comparing high-strength concrete with normal-strength concrete, there could be a significant decrease in the strength at high temperatures [2], and since degradation in the bearing force due to spalling [3] can also be expected, it is used in actual constructions only after its load bearing ability and its ultimate strength are confirmed by means of a fire resistance test [4].Generally, the deflection behavior, the cross-sectional temperature and the fire resistance time are measured in the fire resistance test. Although it is essential to understand the distribution of stress on the structural members during fire by constructing a strength formula for the members exposed to fire, since the temperature of the ambient environment can reach 1000°C, the temperature of the members increases significantly as the fire progresses. Naturally, strain gauges tested at ambient temperature become unusable at such high temperatures, and it becomes difficult to explore the stress and the strain in the cross-sectional plane directly through experiments. As a result, the construction of the strength formula for members exposed to fire is considered a challenging task.Mathematical analysis becomes a powerful tool for obtaining the information about stress and strain in the cross-sectional plane that cannot be obtained through fire resistance tests. Moreover, following the expansion of performance design in the field of fireproofing, it is projected that there will be increasingly more opportunities to investigate the fire resistance properties of structural members through mathematical analysis in the future. However, the reliability of mathematical analysis is often questioned, which determines the need for improving the accuracy of the analysis.Since whether the analysis is successful depends strongly on the material model, there is a need to adopt a model which provides an adequate treatment of the mechanical properties and the behavior at high temperatures at the level of the material.The behavior of concrete at high temperatures has been the subject of research for

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Strain of concrete during first heating to 600°C under load

Cited by 160 publications

References 0 publications

Behaviour of cement concrete at high temperature

Behaviour of cement concrete at high temperature

An Advanced Transient Concrete Model for the Determination of Restraint in Concrete Structures Subjected to Fire

A Study on Compressive Strength and Strain Behavior of Concrete at High Temperatures<BR>-Chapter 1 Introduction-

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