Strain sensing behaviour of 3D printed carbon black filled ABS

Dawoud, Michael; Taha, Iman; Ebeid, Samy

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.08.012

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…We combined a specific carbon paste with conductive composite material theory [29,30] and gauge factor enhancement theory of thick film resistors [35] to explain the conductive mechanism and piezoresistive mechanism of the carbon paste-based strain gauge, and investigated the effect of the curing temperature conditions on the resistance and gauge factor of the carbon paste-based strain gauge. The results show that the curing temperature conditions have an impact on both the resistance and the gauge factor of the carbon paste-based strain gauge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, the conductive mechanisms for conductive polymer matrix composites, such as percolation and tunneling, can be applied to explain the conductive and piezoresistive properties of this kind of carbon paste-based strain gauge. In practice, both conductive mechanisms can take place simultaneously within such polymer matrix composites, and depending on the internal structure of the composites, one of them may dominate [29,30].…”

Section: Simulation Analysis Of the Accelerometermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Development of a Fully Printed Accelerometer with a Carbon Paste-Based Strain Gauge

Liu

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Sensors

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In this paper, we present a fully printed accelerometer with a piezoresistive carbon paste-based strain gauge printed on its surface, which can be manufactured at low cost and with high efficiency. This accelerometer is composed of two parts: a sensor substrate made from high-temperature resin, which is printed by a 3D printer based on stereolithography apparatus (SLA), and a carbon paste-based strain gauge fabricated by screen-printing technology and by direct ink writing (DIW) technology for the purposes of comparison and optimization. First, the structural design, theoretical analysis, simulation analysis of the accelerometer, and analyses of the conductive mechanism and the piezoresistive mechanism of the carbon paste-based strain gauge were carried out. Then the proposed accelerometer was fabricated by a combination of different printing technologies and the curing conditions of the carbon paste were investigated. After that, the accelerometers with the screen-printed strain gauge and DIW strain gauge were characterized. The results show that the printing precision of the screen-printing process on the sensor substrate is higher than the DIW process, and both accelerometers can perform acceleration measurement. Also, this kind of accelerometer can be used in the field of measuring body motion. All these findings prove that 3D printing technology is a significant method for sensor fabrication and verification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulation Analysis Of the Accelerometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of a Fully Printed Accelerometer with a Carbon Paste-Based Strain Gauge

Liu

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Sensors

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“…Among these three factors, the first two are most likely the most influential on the electrical resistance upon mechanical deformation (Georgousis et al, 2015). The common matrices used for strain sensor materials can be thermosetting (Ku-Herrera and Avilés, 2012;Moriche et al, 2016b;Sanli et al, 2016), thermoplastics (Georgousis et al, 2015;Bautista-Quijano et al, 2016;Dawoud et al, 2018), and elastomers (Bautista-Quijano et al, 2010Oliva-Avilés et al, 2011;Alsharari et al, 2018;Christ et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D printing sensors have been achieved by several methods such as fused filament fabrication (FFF) (Alsharari et al, 2018;Dawoud et al, 2018), direct ink writing (DIW) (Muth et al, 2014), stereolithography (SLA) , laminated object manufacturing (LOM) , selective laser sintering (SLS) (Ambrosi et al, 2016), photopolymer jetting (Polyjet) (Laszczak et al, 2015), and binder jetting (3DP) (Rivadeneyra et al, 2015). The frequently used conductive fillers for strain sensing applications are metal nanoparticles [e.g., silver , copper (Credi et al, 2016;Saleh et al, 2019), and Ti/Au (Cho et al, 2015)] and carbon-based fillers [e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNT) (Czyżewski et al, 2009;Bautista-Quijano et al, 2010;Oliva-Avilés et al, 2011;Pedrazzoli et al, 2012a;Zhao et al, 2013;Georgousis et al, 2015), carbon nanofibre (Pedrazzoli et al, 2012a), graphene (Moriche et al, 2016a,b;Alsharari et al, 2018), and carbon black (Dawoud et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2018)]. In particular, however, only few reports are available on piezoresistive materials obtained through FFF technique, which is the dominated technique in 3D printing of polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fused Filament Fabrication of Piezoresistive Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites for Strain Monitoring

2020

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Conductive carbon nanotubes (CNT)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) nanocomposites parts were easily and successfully manufactured by fused filament fabrication (FFF) starting from composite filaments properly extruded at a laboratory scale. Specific specimens for strain monitoring application were properly evaluated in both short term and long term mechanical testing. In particular, samples of ABS filled with 6 wt.% of CNT were additively manufactured in two different infill patterns: HC (0 • /0 • ) and H45 (−45 • /+45 • ). The piezoresistivity behavior was investigated under various loading conditions such as ramp tensile tests at different rate and extension, and also creep and cyclic loading at room temperature. Experimental work revealed that the resistance changes in the conductive samples were properly detectable during stress or strain modification, as consequence of damage and/or reassembling of the percolation network. The measurement of the gauge factor in various testing conditions evidenced an initial higher sensitivity of the 3D-built parts within H45 pattern in comparison to the correspondent HC counterparts. The CNT conductive network path in the investigated samples seems to be reformed during creep and cycling experiments, showing a progressive reduction of gauge factor that seems to stabilize at about 2.5 for both HC and H45 samples after long term testing. These findings suggest that conductive CNT/ABS nanocomposites at 6 wt.% of loading can be successfully processed by FFF to produce stable strain sensors in the range −25 • and +60 • C, as confirmed by the constancy of resistivity in these temperatures.

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Emerging Research in Conductive Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication: A Critical Review

Simunec¹,

Sola²

2022

Adv Eng Mater

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The progress of Industry 4.0 and the advancement of robotic design are revealing a significant gap in the capabilities of current manufacturing techniques and the selection of materials that are available in electronics. Present‐day electrical systems largely rely on metals, but there is a driving need to develop new electrically conductive objects with a wide range of material properties, including expanded flexibility and softness, and with increasingly complex geometries. Electrically conductive composites can replace traditional metal‐based systems. In particular, thermoplastic composites become electrically conductive with the incorporation of conductive fillers or polymers while retaining to a large extent the processability of the thermoplastic matrix. This is where fused filament fabrication (FFF), an additive manufacturing (AM) technique capable of processing a variety of thermoplastic‐matrix feedstock materials, can be leveraged to create electrically conductive objects with new functionalities. While there is an increasing number of publications describing the FFF of electrical objects such as sensors and circuits, there is no comprehensive review outlining the functioning mechanisms, drawbacks, and advantages of FFF as applied to conductive materials. The present review fills this lacuna by offering a critical analysis of the specific challenges and solutions to promote FFF of electrically conductive polymers and composites.

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Strain sensing behaviour of 3D printed carbon black filled ABS

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Design and Development of a Fully Printed Accelerometer with a Carbon Paste-Based Strain Gauge

Design and Development of a Fully Printed Accelerometer with a Carbon Paste-Based Strain Gauge

Fused Filament Fabrication of Piezoresistive Carbon Nanotubes Nanocomposites for Strain Monitoring

Emerging Research in Conductive Materials for Fused Filament Fabrication: A Critical Review

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