Strain-Specific Virulence Differences in Listeria monocytogenes: Current Perspectives in Addressing an Old and Vexing Issue

Kathariou, Sophia; Evans, Peter; Dutta, Vikrant

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-56836-2_3

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Listeriosis is of great concern to the food industry due to the frequent occurrence of outbreaks and the cost of product recalls and food-safety measures ( 5 ). An important issue is that regulatory authorities consider all L. monocytogenes strains pathogenic, whereas only a few genotypes cause most listeriosis cases ( 6 – 8 ). There is therefore a pressing need to better understand L. monocytogenes diversity and its relationship with pathogenicity in order to target food safety interventions only to products contaminated by hazardous strains.…”

Section: Opinion/hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These inlA mutations are observed in 25 to 50% of lineage II food isolates and correlate experimentally with impaired entry into nonphagocytic cells (e.g., epithelial cells), offering a plausible explanation for the hypovirulent phenotype. On the other hand, pangenome studies have identified a number of accessory virulence-associated genes as specific to the hypervirulent (CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6) clones ( 7 , 9 ). Examples include the listeriolysin S gene cluster (LIPI-3) ( 20 ), sv 4b-specific teichoic acid biosynthetic genes ( 21 ), and a cellobiose family phosphotransferase system (PTS).…”

Section: Basis Of L Monocytogenes “Hypervirulencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Are Some Listeria monocytogenes Genotypes More Likely To Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

Vázquez‐Boland

Wagner

Scortti

2020

mBio

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Although all isolates of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes are considered to be pathogenic, epidemiological evidence indicates that certain serovar 4b lineages are more likely to cause severe invasive (neuromeningeal, maternal-fetal) listeriosis. Recently described as L. monocytogenes “hypervirulent” clones, no distinctive bacterial trait has been identified so far that could account for the differential pathogenicity of these strains. Here, we discuss some preliminary observations in experimentally infected mice suggesting that serovar 4b hypervirulent strains may have a hitherto unrecognized capacity for prolonged in vivo survival. We propose the hypothesis that protracted survivability in primary infection foci in liver and spleen—the first target organs after intestinal translocation—may cause L. monocytogenes serovar 4b hypervirulent clones to have a higher probability of secondary dissemination to brain and placenta.

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Section: Opinion/hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basis Of L Monocytogenes “Hypervirulencementioning

confidence: 99%

Why Are Some Listeria monocytogenes Genotypes More Likely To Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

Vázquez‐Boland

Wagner

Scortti

2020

mBio

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“…The 13 known serotypes of L. monocytogenes are classified into four lineages (I to IV); the lineage II serotype 1/2a and the lineage I serotypes 1/2b and 4b contribute to the majority of human cases of listeriosis [5][6][7]. Serotype 4b is especially noteworthy for its frequent involvement in outbreaks and the presence of hypervirulent clones of clonal complexes (CCs) 1, 2, 4 and 6 [6][7][8][9]. L. monocytogenes is notorious for its capacity to persistently colonize food-processing environments and equipment [6,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Genomic Island Harboring Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance Genes in Listeria welshimeri

et al. 2021

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Listeria monocytogenes, the bacterial foodborne pathogen responsible for the severe disease listeriosis, frequently exhibits heavy metal resistance. Concurrent resistance to cadmium and arsenic in L. monocytogenes is strongly associated with the 35-kb chromosomal island LGI2. LGI2 has been encountered repeatedly among L. monocytogenes serotype 4b hypervirulent clones but, surprisingly, not among non-pathogenic Listeria spp. Here we describe a novel LGI2 variant, LGI2-3, in two L. welshimeri strains from an urban aquatic environment. Whole genome sequence analysis revealed that the genomes were closely related except for one prophage region and confirmed a chromosomally integrated LGI2-3. It harbored a cystathionine beta-lyase gene previously only encountered in LGI2-1 of L. monocytogenes clonal complex 1 but was otherwise most closely related to LGI2. LGI2-3 harbored a novel cadAC cassette (cadA7C7) that, like LGI2′s cadA4C4, was associated with lower-level tolerance to cadmium (MIC 50 μg/mL) than other cadAC cassettes (MIC ≥ 140 μg/mL). CadA sequence analysis identified two amino acids that may be important for mediating different levels of cadmium tolerance. Our findings clearly demonstrated the potential for LGI2-like islands to be harbored by non-pathogenic Listeria spp. and generate intriguing hypotheses on the genetic diversity mediated by this island and its transfer among Listeria spp.

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“…An important issue is that regulatory authorities consider all L. monocytogenes strains as pathogenic, whereas only a few genotypes cause most listeriosis cases (6)(7)(8). There is therefore a pressing need to better understand L. monocytogenes diversity and its relationship with pathogenicity in order to target food safety interventions only to products contaminated by hazardous strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…epithelial cells), offering a plausible explanation to the hypovirulent phenotype. On the other hand, pangenome studies have identified a number of accessory virulence-associated genes as specific to the hypervirulent (CC1, CC2, CC4 and CC6) clones(7,9). Examples include the listeriolysin S gene cluster (LIPI-3) (20), sv 4b-specific teichoic acid biosynthetic genes(21), or a cellobiose family phosphotransferase system (PTS).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are Some <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> Genotypes More Likely to Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

Vázquez‐Boland

Wagner

Scortti

2020

Preprint

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Although all isolates of the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes are considered to be pathogenic, epidemiological evidence indicates that certain serovar 4b lineages are more likely to cause severe invasive (neuromeningeal, maternal-fetal) listeriosis. Recently described as L. monocytogenes “hypervirulent” clones, no distinctive bacterial trait has been identified so far that could account for the differential pathogenicity of these strains. Here we discuss some preliminary observations in experimentally infected mice suggesting that serovar 4b hypervirulent strains may have a hitherto unrecognized capacity for prolonged in vivo survival. We propose the hypothesis that protracted survivability in primary infection foci in liver and spleen –first target organs after intestinal translocation– may cause L. monocytogenes serovar 4b hypervirulent clones to have a higher probability of secondary dissemination to brain and placenta.

show abstract

Strain-Specific Virulence Differences in Listeria monocytogenes: Current Perspectives in Addressing an Old and Vexing Issue

Cited by 8 publications

References 118 publications

Why Are Some Listeria monocytogenes Genotypes More Likely To Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

Why Are Some Listeria monocytogenes Genotypes More Likely To Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Genomic Island Harboring Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance Genes in Listeria welshimeri

Why are Some <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em> Genotypes More Likely to Cause Invasive (Brain, Placental) Infection?

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