Strain whitening of a thermoplastic olefin material

Wang, PZ; Hutchings, IM; Duncan, S. J.; Jenkins, L; Woo, Eamor M.

doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0066-z

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Stain softening is a gradual decline of stress at increasing strain, which is primarily a consequence of the brittleness and heterogeneity of the material. 65 During the tensile testing, PLA/PBG blends exhibited a stress-whitening effect, 66 whereas PLA/PBS did not (Figures S10 and S11). This crazing occurred when the samples were deformed, decreasing their transparency and becoming opaque in appearance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blends of Poly(butylene glutarate) and Poly(lactic acid) with Enhanced Ductility and Composting Performance

Holt

Bramhall

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Blends of poly(lactide) (PLA) with poly(butylene glutarate) (PBG) have been investigated with a focus on the improvement of PLA brittleness and an enhancement of the degradation rate under industrial composting conditions. PBG was synthesized by melt polycondensation between 1,4-butanediol (C4) and glutaric acid (C5). The effect of the odd carbon atom number in the dicarboxylic acid monomer caused a decrease in melting temperature (T m) and crystalline content, and subsequently an increase in composting degradation rate. The films of PLA blended with various compositions of PBG were prepared by solution casting and hot pressing. Physical, mechanical, and viscoelastic behavior along with morphology of the blends were investigated using a variety of techniques. All PLA/PBG blends showed a decrease in both glass transition temperature (T g) and tensile strength, but showed an increase in the % elongation at break. The composting degradability of PBG and selected PLA/PBG blends were investigated using respirometry. Considering all of the analyses performed, adding PBG to PLA improved the brittleness of PLA and accelerated the rate of degradation in industrial composting. PLA/PBG blends exhibited higher ductility than the blends of PLA with poly(butylene succinate), a polymer commonly compounded with PLA in many thermoplastic applications. The compatibility of PBG in a PLA matrix was dependent on the concentration of PBG in the PLA matrix, with phase separation evident above 3 wt %.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the tensile testing, PLA/PBG blends exhibited a stress-whitening effect, whereas PLA/PBS did not (Figures S10 and S11). This crazing occurred when the samples were deformed, decreasing their transparency and becoming opaque in appearance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blends of Poly(butylene glutarate) and Poly(lactic acid) with Enhanced Ductility and Composting Performance

Holt

Bramhall

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…Neck propagation was yet notorious at this stage and whitening became more evident as the formation of voids in the amorphous phase during crystallite fragmentation and deformation. [64,65] Such phenomenon is known as strain-hardening and it is independent of the crystallinity degree. [60] Finally, cumulative void formation and the inability to transfer the stress led to failure.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Functionalized Triblock Copolyesters Derived from Lactic Acid and Macrolactones for Bone Tissue Regeneration

Cutillas

Sanz-Serrano

Oh³

et al. 2023

Macromolecular Bioscience

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Synthetic and functional grafts are a great alternative to conventional grafts. They can provide a physical support and the precise signaling for cells to heal damaged tissues. In this study, a novel RGD peptide end‐functionalized poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(lactic acid)‐b‐poly(globalide)‐b‐poly(lactic acid)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) (RGD‐PEG‐PLA‐PGl‐PLA‐PEG‐RGD) is synthetized and used to prepare functional scaffolds. The PGl inner block is obtained by enzymatic ring‐opening polymerization of globalide. The outer PLA blocks are obtained by ring‐opening polymerization of both, l‐lactide or a racemic mixture, initiated by the α‐ω‐telechelic polymacrolactone. The presence of PGl inner block enhances the toughness of PLA‐based scaffolds, with an increase of the elongation at break up to 300% when the longer block of PGl is used. PLA‐PGl‐PLA copolymer is coupled with α‐ω‐telechelic PEG diacids by esterification reaction. PEGylation provides hydrophilic scaffolds as the contact angle is reduced from 114° to 74.8°. That difference improves the contact between the scaffolds and the culture media. Moreover, the scaffolds are functionalized with RGD peptides at the surface significantly enhancing the adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow‐derived primary mesenchymal stem cells and MC3T3‐E1 cell lines in vitro. These results place this multifunctional polymer as a great candidate for the preparation of temporary grafts.

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“…Strain whitening is the macroscopic visual expression of plastic deformation in polymermodified mortars [42,43] as well as thermoplasts [75]. Changes in the microstructure cause the whitening in polymer films [62,76,77].…”

Section: Macroscopic Deformation Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microstructural evolution of cementitious, flexible waterproofing membranes during deformation with special focus on the role of crazing

Waldvogel

Zurbriggen²,

Berger

et al. 2020

Cement and Concrete Composites

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Strain whitening of a thermoplastic olefin material

Cited by 11 publications

References 6 publications

Blends of Poly(butylene glutarate) and Poly(lactic acid) with Enhanced Ductility and Composting Performance

Blends of Poly(butylene glutarate) and Poly(lactic acid) with Enhanced Ductility and Composting Performance

Synthesis of Functionalized Triblock Copolyesters Derived from Lactic Acid and Macrolactones for Bone Tissue Regeneration

The microstructural evolution of cementitious, flexible waterproofing membranes during deformation with special focus on the role of crazing

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