Strangeness chemical equilibration in a quark-gluon plasma

Letessier, Jean; Rafelski, Johann

doi:10.1103/physrevc.75.014905

Cited by 26 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The value s/S = 0.03 is in excellent quantitative agreement with microscopic model of strangeness production and equilibration in QGP [50,51], adopting the latest strange quark mass value. The high QGP strangeness yield oversupplies in hadronization the hadron phase space, resulting in γ s 2 seen in Fig.…”

Section: Fireball Bulk Propertiessupporting

confidence: 71%

Hadron production and quark-gluon plasma hadronization in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76 TeV

et al. 2013

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We show that all central rapidity hadron yields measured in Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 2.76 TeV are well described by the chemical nonequilibrium statistical hadronization model (SHM), where the chemically equilibrated quark-gluon plasma source breaks up directly into hadrons. SHM parameters are obtained as a function of centrality of colliding ions, and we compare CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) results with Brookhaven National Laboratory Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) results. We predict yields of unobserved hadrons and address antimatter production. The physical properties of the quark-gluon plasma fireball particle source show universality of hadronization conditions at LHC and RHIC.

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Section: Fireball Bulk Propertiessupporting

confidence: 71%

Hadron production and quark-gluon plasma hadronization in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76 TeV

et al. 2013

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“…We expect a 20% increased value of strangeness over entropy s/S ≃ 0.037 [35]. For the two models under consideration (T = 140 MeV,γ q = γ and concludes in favor of chemical non-equilibrium the still ongoing discussion of chemical equilibrium models.…”

Section: Test Of Shm Modelsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Multistrange particle production and the statistical hadronization model

Petráň

Rafelski

2010

Phys. Rev. C

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We consider the chemical freeze-out of Ξ, Ξ and φ multistrange hadrons within a Statistical Hadronization Model inspired approach. We study particle yields across a wide range of reaction energy and centrality from NA49 at SPS and STAR at RHIC experiments. We constrain the physical conditions present in the fireball source of strange hadrons, and anticipate results expected at LHC.PACS numbers: 24.10. Pa, 12.38.Mh, 13.60.Rj Introduction: We study multistrange hadron production in the context of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formation in relativistic heavy ion collisions [1]. Given the relatively small reaction cross sections of multistrange hadrons in hadron matter, the observed yields of Ξ(qss), Ξ, Ω(sss), Ω, φ(ss) [2][3][4][5][6][7] are considered probes of the earliest stage of the QGP-fireball hadronization.The yields of these particles have been considered previously within a global approach, see e.g. [8]. Here we show that it is possible to analyze multistrange hadron yields alone. When this is done we find that multistrange and non-strange hadrons share the same freeze-out condition. We will discuss the meaning of this discovery below addressing dynamics of hadronization. We also address the forthcoming LHC effort to measure multistrange hadron yields in high multiplicity pp [9], and soon after, in A+A reactions.QGP hadronic particle production yields are usually considered within the statistical hadronization model (SHM) [10][11][12]. SHM has been successful in describing (strange) hadron production in heavy ion collisions for different colliding systems and energies. These results showing successful global fits of particle yields in the SHM framework inspired us to study multistrange hadron yields alone in this separate analysis for the purpose of: i) establishing that SHM is appropriate for describing yields of these particles, ii) assessing if their yields are consistent with the established bulk matter properties of the QGP fireball, thus testing the single freeze-out hypothesis for particles with large and small hadron reaction cross sections, and iii) understanding better how the future LHC results may help arrive at a distinction between SHM model approaches.SHM Models: We begin by introducing the three principal SHM approaches: a) Taking the view that SHM has a limited theoretical foundation, one can seek simplicity in an effort to obtain a qualitative description of the yields for all hadrons with just a small number of parameters. An additional attraction is that this assumption leads to a model with chemical equilibrium hadron yields is explored. The main result of this approach is that the hadronization in high energy heavy ion collisions at RHIC requires T ≥ 175 MeV, and this high value is close to the lattice crossover temperature, between deconfined and hadron phase [13,14]. b) In order to arrive at a precise description of the

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“…Moreover, both strangeness s and entropy S are nearly conserved in hadronization, and thus, the final state yield value for the ratio s/S is directly related to the kinetic processes in the fireball at τ ≃ 1-3 fm/c. A thorough discussion of the observable s/S is presented in [79], and detailed evaluation within a dynamical model of s/S was obtained [84]. The following is a motivating introduction to these developments.…”

Section: Strangeness and Entropy Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hadron production and phase changes in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

2008

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Abstract. We study soft hadron production in relativistic heavy ion collisions in a wide range of reaction energy, 4.8 GeV < √ sNN < 200 GeV, and make predictions about yields of particles using the statistical hadronization model. In fits to experimental data, we obtain both the statistical parameters as well as physical properties of the hadron source. We identify the properties of the fireball at the critical energy threshold, 6.26 GeV < s cr NN < 7.61 GeV, delineating for higher energies hadronization of an entropy rich phase. In terms of the chemical composition, one sees a phase which at low energy is chemically undersaturated, and which turns into a chemically over-saturated state persisting up to the maximum accessible energy. Assuming that there is no change in physical mechanisms in the energy range 15 > √ sNN ≥ 200 GeV, we use continuity of particle yields and statistical parameters to predict the hadron production at √ sNN = 62.4 GeV, and obtain total yields of hadrons at √ sNN = 130 GeV. We consider, in depth, the pattern we uncover within the hadronization condition, and discuss possible mechanisms associated with the identified rapid change in system properties at s cr NN . We propose that the chemically over-saturated 2+1 flavor hadron matter system undergoes a 1st order phase transition.

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Strangeness chemical equilibration in a quark-gluon plasma

Cited by 26 publications

References 44 publications

Hadron production and quark-gluon plasma hadronization in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76 TeV

Hadron production and quark-gluon plasma hadronization in Pb-Pb collisions atsNN=2.76 TeV

Multistrange particle production and the statistical hadronization model

Hadron production and phase changes in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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