“…The level of student participation can be influenced, among other things, by the learning model or method applied by the lecturer during the lecture process. Learning participation will increase if the lecturer applies a different learning model than usual (Rapanta et al, 2020;Sukendri & Yuli Anggreni, 2022). So, the researchers chose the Jigsaw-type cooperative learning model to increase student's participation in citizenship education courses.…”