Strategic Alliances in Firm-Centric and Collective Contexts: Implications for Indigenous Entrepreneurship

Abstract

How might diverse and often conflicting knowledge and belief structures and practices be mobilized into legitimate approaches for people looking to address the need for heightened responsible and sustainable entrepreneurial action by business organizations; humanizing the role of business in development? To answer this question, we explore two previously unconnected but aligned streams of literature: (i) work on strategic business alliances in general (R1); and (ii) work on corporate/Indigenous community partnerships specifically (R2). A systematic literature search identified 300 papers on the topics in total. We selected 39 general and 23 Indigenous-specific papers for review using a guiding classification matrix to determine principal themes and concepts. Both streams of literature were reviewed, and an approach was developed to identify areas where the empirical observation of Indigenous partnerships provides a contribution to the theory and practice of Indigenous entrepreneurship within the realm of strategic alliance formation, and vice versa. The paper concludes with a discussion of dissimilarities in the two streams of literature and maps out avenues for future research into strategic alliances involving corporate responsibility and sustainability (CRS), approaches based on Indigenous belief and value systems, and Indigenous entrepreneurship.

Multidimensional Aspect of Corporate Entrepreneurship in Family Business and SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review

“…According to (Secundo et al 2019), we manually divided the result with some codes to identify the critical characteristics of the studies. Finally, we conducted content analysis to explore the theories used (Jongwe et al 2020), as well as the methodologies, variables, research gaps, and future research directions.…”

“…The main aim of using this step was to analyze the time range, the state of the art of the literature, geography, journal sources, and variables. The variables consist of actors, attributes, and outcome measurements (Jongwe et al 2020). According to (Secundo et al 2019), we manually divided the result with some codes to identify the critical characteristics of the studies.…”

Proyectos de emprendimiento indígena en contextos volátiles, inciertos, complejos y ambiguos

“…Así lo comunitario, según Dutta y Elers (2020) menciona el diálogo y la comunicación como herramienta para el desarrollo sostenible de comunidades indígenas, en donde se fomenten entornos de aprendizaje entre las comunidades y puedan potenciar sus proyectos vistos desde una perspectiva cambiante de incertidumbre y complejidad, lo cual lleva a un razonamiento lógico en el desarrollo de sus actividades y permite potenciar por medio de sentimientos extrínsecos de los dirigentes indígenas de proyectos sociales el "amor" como un cambio social transformador . En este contexto, Jongwe et al (2020), sostienen que, las comunidades indígenas tienen mucho que aprender de la gestión de las distintas perspectivas del ser y del hacer en un sentido estructural; es así como se parte de las diferentes estructuras de creencias y los valores autóctonos que a menudo no están bien alineados, pero que pueden generar convergencia para asentar el proyecto y darse permiso de ser exitoso. Siendo este el espacio donde los gobiernos tienen la responsabilidad y oportunidad de apoyar y proteger los conocimientos indígenas, y la estructuración de proyectos, permitiendo un crecimiento exponencial de los objetivos estratégicos que cada uno de ellos considere pertinente (Rubilar y Roldán, 2014;Tamtik, 2020).…”

Embeddedness as a Differentiating Element of Indigenous Entrepreneurship: Insights from Mexico

“…Thus, these dimensions are considered in the original Mexican community's worldview. Therefore, it is important to incorporate worldview to obtain knowledge about Indigenous organizations [30].…”

“…Decision-making (in any area) is subject to a community assembly and a council of elders, depending on the case of the organization. Unlike the literature on western entrepreneurship, in Indigenous issues, it is important to highlight the importance of community-its territory of "the creation" as an element of its identity, a characteristic sign of collectivist cultures [30].…”