Strategic Phytochemical Analysis of Hemostatic and Anti-inflammatory Bioactivities from the Hydroethanol extract of the trunk bark of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht 

Abstract

Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht is often used in traditional African medicine in the treatment of much pathology. The aim of this work was to highlight the haemostatic and anti-inflammatory properties from the hydro-ethanolic extract of the trunk bark of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht. The in-vitro test of hemostatic activity was carried out on blood plasma from healthy Wistar rats. The hydroethanolic extract of the trunk bark of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht accelerated the plasma coagulation process in a dose-dependent manner. In-vivo tests carried out on Wistar rats and which consisted of exploring the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of haemostasis showed a reduction in bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APPT), rapid time (QT), thrombin time (TT), and an increase in blood platelet content. The results also showed a high rate of inhibition of albumin denaturation (85.03 ± 4.22 mg/ml) with an IC50 value of 0.70 ± 0.27 mg/ml. The percentage of inhibition of edema in the hind paw of rats increased over time to 63.28%, 59.95% and 68.65% at the 4th hour, in the groups treated with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg, respectively of the hydro-ethanolic extract of the trunk bark of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht. These results show that the barks of the trunk of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Hoscht can be used in traditional African medicine to stop bleeding and treat inflammation.