Strategies and Outcomes of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Young Women with Abuse Histories

Clum, George A.; Czaplicki, Lauren; Andrinopoulos, Katherine; Muessig, Kathryn E.; Hamvas, Lauren; Ellen, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1089/apc.2012.0441

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In this study, it was shown that participants would disclose this sensitive information to confidants that they relied on, trusted, and were close to. This finding was consistent with other studies from the US [ 10 , 21 ] that noted participants selected targets they trusted and were close to.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

et al. 2021

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Introduction Disclosure of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status is important to prevent the spread of HIV and maintain the health of people living with HIV, their spouses, and the community. Despite the benefits of disclosure, many people living with HIV delay disclosing their status to those close to them thereby increasing the risk for disease transmission. This study aimed to determine the barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus for people living with HIV in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and identify what motivated disclosure. Methods A qualitative descriptive study using in-depth individual interviews was conducted with10 participants attending HIV care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam. The participants were people living with HIV who had delayed disclosing their serostatus for more than one month after diagnosis. Data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Three categories emerged from the analysis: Barriers hindering timely disclosure, motivation for disclosure of serostatus, and consequences of delayed disclosure. Barriers to timely disclosure included denial of one’s status, the fear of stigmatization, fear of being separated or divorced, the need to protect loved ones, and lack of adequate knowledge about the disease. Reasons that motivated disclosure included gaining social support, preventing disease transmission and wanting to be at peace. Conclusion Timely disclosure is hindered by stigma because HIV is negatively perceived by the public. People living with HIV prefer not to disclose to avoid the negative consequences of disclosure, especially because of fear of being discriminated against and losing their social status, which plays a major role in social status in Tanzania. Trust and adequate counseling from health care workers helps prompt disclosure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

et al. 2021

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“…[28][29][30][31] The presence of HIV infection may increase the risk of subsequent IPV within a relationship. 32,33 Identifying HIV patients, who have suffered or are suffering from the effects of IPV, offers the potential for mitigating its negative effects on both their general as well as HIV health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementing an Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Screening Protocol in HIV Care

Raissi

Krentz

Siemieniuk

et al. 2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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HIV and intimate partner violence (IPV) epidemics propagate and interact in a syndemic fashion contributing to excess burden of disease and poorer health outcomes. In order to understand the impact of IPV on HIV disease management, a universal screening program was implemented in the Southern Alberta Clinic in May 2009. We evaluated our IPV screening protocol and made recommendations for its usage in HIV care. IPV data obtained from patients were evaluated, supplemented with responses from a subset of in-depth interviews. 35% of 1721 patients reported experiencing IPV. Prevalence was higher among females (46%), Aboriginal Canadians (67%), bisexual male/females (48%), and gay males (35%). Of 158 patients interviewed, only 22% had previously been asked about IPV in any health care setting. Patients were responsive to routine IPV screening emphasizing that referral services need to be easily accessible. 23% of patients disclosing IPV subsequently connected to additional IPV resources after screening. We recommend that universal IPV screening be incorporated within regular HIV clinic care. The IPV survey should be given after trust has been established with regular follow-up every 6-12 months. A referral process to local agencies dealing with IPV must be in place for patients disclosing abuses.

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“…Most theories, such as disease progression theory, emphasize the processes and motivations of the behavior based on beliefs about the costs and benefits associated with disclosure. [16][17][18] Accordingly, disclosure decisions are postulated to occur most often when HIV has advanced to symptomatic AIDS, making it challenging to hide one's illness. 19,20 However, empirical research has not demonstrated consistent associations between disease stage and disclosure to sexual partners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Role of Serostatus Disclosure on Unprotected Sex Among People Living with HIV

Przybyla

Golin

Widman

et al. 2014

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Given the increasing prevalence of HIV, it is important to identify factors associated with safer sex behaviors between people living with HIV and their partners. Utilizing a diverse sample of 242 HIV-infected adults [n = 69 men who have sex with men (MSM); n = 68 men who have sex with women (MSW); n = 105 women who have sex with men (WSM)], we examined the association between serostatus disclosure and unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse (UAVI) and the moderating effect of sexual behavior group on this association. Overall, 88.7% disclosed to their current partner. Approximately 18.8% of MSM, 17.7% of MSW, and 29.5% of WSM reported UAVI. Controlling for age, time since diagnosis, and partner serostatus, we found main effects on UAVI for disclosure and sexual behavior group; specifically, disclosure was inversely related to unprotected sex [AOR = 0.09, 95% CI (0.02, 0.43), p < 0.001], and MSM were less likely to engage in UAVI relative to WSM [AOR = 0.11, 95% CI (0.17, 0.82), p < 0.05]. However, the relationship between disclosure and UAVI was not moderated by sexual behavior group. Future strategies that aim to increase disclosure to partners may consider focusing on its value as a means by which to reduce sexual risk behavior.

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Strategies and Outcomes of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Young Women with Abuse Histories

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Barriers to timely disclosure of HIV serostatus: A qualitative study at care and treatment centers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Implementing an Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Screening Protocol in HIV Care

Examining the Role of Serostatus Disclosure on Unprotected Sex Among People Living with HIV

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