Strategies for controlling the active layer morphologies in OPVs

Gavvalapalli, Nagarjuna; Venkataraman, D.

doi:10.1002/polb.23073

Cited by 35 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…It needs to be taken into account that optimization of the morphology of the active layer is crucial to achieve the desired efficiency. An ideal morphology should be able to maximize interfacial interaction between the photoactive layer components in order to obtain higher exciton dissociation and also provide domain size within the order of the exciton diffusion length, crystalline domains to facilitate charge mobility and finally create percolated pathways to the electrodes [52,54].…”

Section: Challenges Of Organic Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Quantum Dots/CNT Co-Sensitized Organic Solar Cells

Soltani¹,

Katbab²,

Ameri³

2017

J Material Sci Eng

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Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are emerging alternative candidates to the standard silicone technology for green and renewable energy generation owing to their flexibility and solution processability. Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs) based on conjugated semiconducting polymers as donor (D) and fullerene derivatives as acceptor (A) offer large D/A interfacial area, which overcomes the short exciton diffusion length. Although, recent advances in narrow band gap semiconducting polymers have led to the improvement in power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) beyond 10%, inefficient charge separation and low carrier mobility as well as negligible photon harvesting in near-infrared (NIR) and/or infrared (IR) region of the solar spectrum have still remained as bottle neck for ultimate performance of OPVs. Most PSCs only absorb the UV-visible part of the solar spectrum, leading to the low light harvesting efficiency. Hence, solution processed photoactive materials comprising nanostructured semiconducting inorganic quantum dots (QDs) as sensitizer have attracted great attention to improve energy conversion efficiency of the OPVs. This is attributed to the outstanding optoelectronic properties of QDs such as band gap tunability, potential NIR photons harvesting and multi exciton generation (MEG). However, the main shortcoming of inorganic QDs based OSCs is randomly hopping charge transport among discrete QD particles, which can be tackled through hybridization with one dimensional (1D) electrically conductive nanostructured materials such as carbon nanotube (CNT). By this way, CNT particles would behave as support for anchoring the light harvesting semiconductor QDs, leading to the enhancement of the exciton dissociation and charge transport towards the corresponding electrodes. Recently, manufacturing PSCs co-sensitized by QD loaded CNT has been shown as a promising direction to maximize performance of the device. This article reviews the recent developments in enhancement of OPVs" performance by utilization of high efficient light harvesting QDs and/or their hybrid with 1D CNTs.

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Section: Challenges Of Organic Photovoltaicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Quantum Dots/CNT Co-Sensitized Organic Solar Cells

Soltani¹,

Katbab²,

Ameri³

2017

J Material Sci Eng

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“…Also, the general expectation is that ordered structures such as the bicontinuous AlB 2 packing are required for applications such as OPVs ( Figure 11). 151,152 However, we have demonstrated that disordered structures can provide a bicontinuous structure with donor− acceptor interfaces for exciton splitting and efficient OPV devices. 68,208 Thermoelectric materials derived from polymers are another example that requires the assembly of multiple polymeric materials into specific morphologies.…”

Section: Impact On Functional Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Nanoparticle Assemblies: A Versatile Route to Functional Mesostructures

et al. 2015

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Fabricating macromolecular mesoscale assemblies containing disparate components with targeted molecular order for each of the components on the nanoscale and targeted assembly of the components in the mesoscale is a challenge. In this Perspective, we explore the self-assembly of polymer nanoparticles as a viable route to obtain tunable mesostructured materials. We describe the state-of-the-art methods available for and the challenges to obtain spherical and nonspherical polymer nanoparticles. We discuss the predicted ordered assemblies and disordered assemblies of nanoparticles and the challenges to obtain these assemblies in polymer nanoparticles. We also comment on the rich and future opportunities in the burgeoning field of polymer nanoparticle assemblies.

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“…The improved performance was attributed to the removal of unwanted functional groups and the recovery of π-conjugated regions, thereby enhancing the conductivity of the graphene sheets and the charge-carrier mobility [50]. It has been reported that prolonged thermal annealing leads to the macrophase segregation of P3HT and PCBM domains and subsequently deteriorates the performance of the BHJ device by inhibiting charge generation [93]. In addition, the use of high temperatures ranging from 120 °C to 150 °C limits the application of some inexpensive plastic substrates.…”

Section: Effects Of Thermal and Solvent Annealing On The Active-layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Approaches to Controlling the Nanoscale Morphology of Polymer-Based Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The need for clean, inexpensive and renewable energy has increasingly turned research attention towards polymer photovoltaic cells. However, the performance efficiency of these devices is still low in comparison with silicon-based devices. The recent introduction of new materials and processing techniques has resulted in a remarkable increase in power-conversion efficiency, with a value above 10%. Controlling the interpenetrating network morphology is a key factor in obtaining devices with improved performance. This review focuses on the influence of controlled nanoscale morphology on the overall performance of bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) photovoltaic cells. Strategies such as the use of solvents, solvent annealing, polymer nanowires (NWs), and donor-acceptor (D-A) blend ratios employed to control the active-layer morphologies are all discussed.

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Strategies for controlling the active layer morphologies in OPVs

Cited by 35 publications

References 81 publications

Recent Developments in Quantum Dots/CNT Co-Sensitized Organic Solar Cells

Recent Developments in Quantum Dots/CNT Co-Sensitized Organic Solar Cells

Polymer Nanoparticle Assemblies: A Versatile Route to Functional Mesostructures

Recent Approaches to Controlling the Nanoscale Morphology of Polymer-Based Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells

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