Strategies for Producing Asphalt Mixtures with High RAP Content

Kaseer, Fawaz; Bajaj, Akash; Martin, Amy Epps; Hajj, Elie Y.

doi:10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002910

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…11) or with rejuvenation. Kaseer et al 27 used mixture Black Space and the G-R m parameter to evaluate various strategies for producing mixtures with higher RAP contents. Various recycling agents and use of a softer virgin binder were also evaluated at both short-and long-term aging conditions.…”

Section: Fatigue Cracking and Cracking Performance Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Space Rheological Assessment of Asphalt Material Behavior

Airey

Rowe²,

Sias

et al. 2022

Journal of Testing and Evaluation

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Please respond to the following queries by clicking on the AQ link and inserting your comments or corrections as a PDF annotation. Additional comments can be left in the Author Comments column. We may require your response in order to proceed with production; unanswered queries may cause delays in publication. Location in articleQuery/Remark Author Comments AQ1AQ: We note that while the author Cedric Sauzeat is intended to share the same affiliation as Herve diBenedetto, Sauzeat has departmental information (LTDS) provided at online submission that di Benedetto does not. If "LTDS" pertains to both authors, please add that information to the beginning of byline #4. If the "LTDS" information is unique to Sauzeat, please create a fifth affiliation for this author.AQ2 AQ: We note that the author "Cedric Sauzeat" is listed as "Cédric Sauzéat" at online submission.

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Section: Fatigue Cracking and Cracking Performance Limitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black Space Rheological Assessment of Asphalt Material Behavior

Airey

Rowe²,

Sias

et al. 2022

Journal of Testing and Evaluation

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“…A minimum −5°C ΔT c threshold after 40 h pressure aging vessel (PAV) aging was originally suggested to minimize the risk of block cracking (age-related cracking) ( 8 ). Several studies showed a good correlation between binder aging and rejuvenation with ΔT c values measured after 20 h PAV aging ( 8 , 10 , 15–19 ). According to the Asphalt Institute IS-240, ΔT c directly influences mixture resistance to block cracking, and indirectly influences mixture resistance to other forms of cracking (fatigue, longitudinal, reflection, and transverse cracking) ( 20 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Relationship between Rheological Indices and Cracking Performance of Virgin, Recycled, and Rejuvenated Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Kaseer

Martin

Arámbula-Mercado³

2021

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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Long-term cracking performance of asphalt mixtures is heavily influenced by asphalt binder rheology, and changes in binder stiffness, ductility, and aging condition significantly affect the cracking resistance of the corresponding asphalt mixture. This study evaluated the effectiveness of several common and recently developed binder rheological indices in capturing the effects of binder performance grade (PG) and source, recycled binder content, recycling agent (rejuvenator) dose, and long-term aging. These binder rheological indices included the Superpave intermediate-temperature PG (PGI), the Glover-Rowe (G-R) parameter, the crossover temperature (Tδ = 45°), the rheological index (R-value), and ΔTc. This study also directly compared the binder rheological indices with the cracking performance of corresponding asphalt mixtures to explore possible correlations and their robustness. Asphalt mixture cracking performance was evaluated using the Illinois Flexibility Index Test (I-FIT) for intermediate-temperature cracking, and the disk-shaped compact tension (DCT) test and the uniaxial thermal stress and strain test (UTSST) for low-temperature cracking. Results indicated that all the binder rheological indices (except PGI) consistently captured the effects of binder blend composition and proportions and aging condition, with a few exceptions. Results also showed that the G-R parameter, the crossover temperature (Tδ = 45°), and ΔTc had the best correlation to asphalt mixture and field core cracking performance as compared with other rheological indices (PGI and R-value), with ΔTc demonstrating the overall best correlation to mixture cracking performance.

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“…To counteract the negative effects of the use of RAP, there are methods that help reduce stiffness and increase rutting resistance, such as the use of WMA technologies, the use of a softer binder, increasing the binder dosage, or the application of rejuvenating agents [ 6 , 15 , 18 , 24 , 33 , 37 , 38 ]; however, some adjustments must be made to the mix design in order to achieve the proper mix performance [ 5 ]. Softening of reclaimed asphalt pavement is usually achieved by adding a rejuvenating agent to the aged pavement mixture, reconstituting the chemical compositions of the aged binders [ 10 , 12 , 20 , 36 ], although this depends on the type and dosage of rejuvenator, since overdosing will increase the flexibility of the mixtures, while underdosing will increase the stiffness [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, it must melt rapidly in the AC-RAP to mobilize the aged asphalt, while in the long term the chemical and rheological properties must be modified [ 10 ]. Kaseer, Bajaj, Martin, Arámbula-Mercado and Hajj [ 33 ] conducted an analysis, utilizing calculated doses of rejuvenating agents that helped decrease brittleness and increase long-term crack resistance. Wang, Zeng, Qin, Huang and Xu [ 36 ] concluded that the rejuvenating agent improves the fracture energy and fracture tenacity of recycled mixtures containing high RAP contents, although if the RAP content is high, it is difficult to soften it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties have been of interest, since they directly affect the behavior and performance of asphalt mixtures [29][30][31][32]. A literature review confirmed that the stiffness of RAP blends is higher than that of virgin blends [6,33]. Low RAP levels (<50%) do not greatly affect the resistance, porosity, water absorption, reduced rutting, increased tensile strength, or modulus [1][2][3]7,9,11,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rheological Evaluation of Softened Binders Blended with Aged Asphalt Selected with a High-Temperature Mixing Chart

et al. 2022

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Reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) provide economic and environmental benefits. In recent decades, their use has increased, but rheological properties are affected by RAP aging, increasing stiffness, cracking, and susceptibility to water. To counteract these effects, rejuvenating agents are used, but they must be properly dosed to design quality mixtures. Therefore, different binders were analyzed, including virgin binder (VBB), binder modified by SBS polymer (MB), AC-RAP, binder softened using a rejuvenating agent, and binders softened with doses (15%, 30%, and 45%) of AC-RAP. The rheological properties were evaluated by dynamic shear rheometry (DSR) and beam-bending rheometry (BBR) tests, while the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test was used to measure fatigue cracking and the multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test was used to measure rutting. A mixing chart was constructed based on a high temperature AC-RAP to satisfy the performance grade (PG 76-22). The results showed that softened binders become flexible, but when AC-RAP is added, they turn stiff and behave better than MB. Moreover, combining a rejuvenating agent and AC-RAP reduces the aging stiffness of RAP, improving its rheological properties without compromising the rutting or cracking resistance.

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Strategies for Producing Asphalt Mixtures with High RAP Content

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Black Space Rheological Assessment of Asphalt Material Behavior

Black Space Rheological Assessment of Asphalt Material Behavior

Relationship between Rheological Indices and Cracking Performance of Virgin, Recycled, and Rejuvenated Asphalt Binders and Mixtures

Rheological Evaluation of Softened Binders Blended with Aged Asphalt Selected with a High-Temperature Mixing Chart

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