Strategies for Reducing NO<sub>X</sub>- and Particulate Matter Emissions in Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Lindenkamp, Nils; Stöber-Schmidt, Claude-Pascal; Eilts, Peter

doi:10.4271/2009-01-1305

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…One significant advantage of the hybrid powerplants is their ability of decoupling the IC engine torque from the user torque requests [112]. That provides an extra degree of freedom that may be profited for the controlled regeneration of after-treatment systems, and for smoothing IC engine transients [113].…”

Section: Mils / Silsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Payri

Lujan

Guardiola

et al. 2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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-New regulations on pollutants and, specially, on CO 2 emissions could restrict the use of the internal combustion engine in automotive applications. This paper presents a review of different technologies under development for meeting such regulations, ranging from new combustion concepts to advanced boosting methods and after-treatment systems. Many of them need an accurate control of the operating conditions and, in many cases, they impose demanding requirements at a system integration level. In this framework, engine control disciplines will be key for the implementation and development of the next generation engines, taking profit of recent advancements in models, methods and sensors. According to authors' opinion, the internal combustion engine will still be the dominant technology in automotive applications for the next decades.Re´sume´-Un challenge pour le futur du moteur a`combustion interne : nouvelles technologies et roˆle du controˆle moteur -Les nouvelles normes sur les e´missions, en particulier le CO 2 , pourraient re´duire l'utilisation du moteur a`combustion interne pour les ve´hicules. Cet article pre´sente une revue de diffe´rentes technologies en cours de de´veloppement afin de respecter ces normes, depuis de nouveaux concepts de combustion jusqu'a`des syste`mes avance´s de suralimentation ou de post-traitement. La plupart de ces technologies demande un controˆle pre´cis des conditions de fonctionnement et impose souvent de fortes contraintes lors de l'inte´gration des syste`mes. Dans ce contexte et en profitant des dernie`res avance´es dans les mode`les, les me´thodes et les capteurs, le controˆle moteur jouera un roˆle clef dans la mise en oeuvre et le de´veloppement de la prochaine ge´ne´ration de moteurs. De l'avis des auteurs, le moteur ac ombustion interne restera la technologie dominante pour les ve´hicules des prochaines de´cennies.

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Section: Mils / Silsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Payri

Lujan

Guardiola

et al. 2014

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, the rate of change of the engine torque is limited by 100 N m/s in order to prevent the formation of excessive soot and NO x emissions during transients [23,31].…”

Section: Engine Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An optimal energy management strategy is provided by the authors of [21] with a DP approach for constant weighting factors related to NO x and particulate emissions. A key idea for the energy management strategy of a diesel HEV is to use the electric motor for torque phlegmatization during transients, for example by adopting heuristic methods, as presented in [22,23], or model-based frameworks, as reported in [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for the Control of Real Driving NOx Emissions of a Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

et al. 2014

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Motivated by the fact that the real driving NO x emissions (RDE) of conventional diesel vehicles can exceed the legislation norms by far, a concept for the control of RDE with a diesel parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is proposed. By extending the well-known equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS), the power split degree of freedom is used to control the NO x emissions and the battery state of charge (SOC) simultaneously. Through an appropriate formulation of the problem, the feedback control is shown to be separable into two dependent PI controllers. By hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments, as well as by simulations, the proposed method is shown to minimize the fuel consumption while tracking a given reference trajectory for both the NO x emissions and the battery SOC.

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“…Frequently, nonmechanistic engine model approaches like maps [2,3] or surrogate models [4] are used to model the internal combustion engines. Such models might have significant limitations when applied to transient conditions that are far from steady-state [1,5,6]. However, also more sophisticated methodologies for estimating transient engine performance from steady-state maps [1], might not be sufficiently accurate, since during transient operation performance and particularly emissions of the engines significantly differ from the corresponding steady-state values as presented in [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, many commercial and non-commercial system level simulation models and modeling approaches for modeling hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles have been presented [5,6,[10][11][12][13]. The models in the cited studies differ in the level of details of components models and also in the overall model structure, however a common approach of all cited studies is that they do not rely on mechanistic engine models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Hybrid Power Trains by Mechanistic System Simulations

Katrašnik

Wurzenberger

2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Optimisation de groupes motopropulseurs e´lectriques hybrides par simulation du syste`me me´canique -L'article pre´sente un mode`le de simulation au niveau me´canique destine´a`la mode´lisation de topologies de ve´hicules hydrides et conventionnels. L'article de´crit l'interaction dynamique entre diffe´rents domaines : moteur a`combustion interne, dispositifs de post-traitement d'e´chappement, composants e´lectriques, chaıˆne cine´matique me´canique, circuit de refroidissement et les unite´s de controˆle correspondantes. Afin d'obtenir un rapport correct entre pre´cision, pre´visibilite´et vitesse de calculs du mode`le, un de´couplage innovant du domaine temporel est pre´sente´, lequel est base´sur l'application a`diffe´rents domaines, d'e´tapes d'inte´gration spe´cifiques au domaine et sur un couplage inter-domaines cohe´rent ulte´rieur des flux. En outre, une structure de calculs efficace permettant la simulation du transport d'espe`ces gazeuses actives et passives est introduite de manie`re a`combiner l'efficacite´des calculs a`la ne´cessite´d'une mode´lisation du transport des polluants dans le circuit des gaz. L'applicabilite´et la versatilite´du mode`le de simulation au niveau me´canique sont pre´sente´es au moyen d'analyses des phe´nome`nes transitoires provoque´s par l'interde´pendance e´leve´e des sous-syste`mes, c'est-a`-dire les domaines. Les re´sultats obtenus pour les ve´hicules hybrides sont compare´s à ceux obtenus pour les ve´hicules conventionnels afin de mettre l'accent sur les diffe´rences des re´gimes ope´ratoires de composants particuliers inhe´rents a`une topologie particulie`re du groupe motopropulseur.Abstract -Optimization of Hybrid Power Trains by Mechanistic System Simulations -The paper presents a mechanistic system level simulation model for modeling hybrid and conventional vehicle topologies. The paper addresses the dynamic interaction between different domains: internal combustion engine, exhaust after treatment devices, electric components, mechanical drive train, cooling circuit system and corresponding control units. To achieve a good ratio between accuracy, predictability and computational speed of the model an innovative time domain decoupling is presented, which is based on applying domain specific integration steps to different domains and subsequent consistent cross-domain coupling of the fluxes. In addition, a computationally efficient framework for transporting active and passive gaseous species is introduced to combine computational efficiency with the need for modeling pollutant transport in the gas path. The applicability and versatility of the mechanistic system level simulations model is presented through analyses of transient phenomena caused by the high interdependency of the sub-systems, i.e. domains. Results of a hybrid vehicle are compared to results of a conventional vehicle to highlight differences in operating regimes of particular components that are inherent to particular power train topology.

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Strategies for Reducing NO_X- and Particulate Matter Emissions in Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for the Control of Real Driving NOx Emissions of a Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Optimization of Hybrid Power Trains by Mechanistic System Simulations

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Strategies for Reducing NOX- and Particulate Matter Emissions in Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

A Challenging Future for the IC Engine: New Technologies and the Control Role

Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy for the Control of Real Driving NOx Emissions of a Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Optimization of Hybrid Power Trains by Mechanistic System Simulations

Contact Info

Product

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Strategies for Reducing NO_X- and Particulate Matter Emissions in Diesel Hybrid Electric Vehicles