Strategies for the treatment of colorectal cancer caused by gut microbiota

Alteration of gut microbiome and correlated amino acid metabolism are associated with acute myelocytic leukemia carcinogenesis

“…Gut microbiota was evidenced to show critical function in human health, and dysbiosis of intestinal flora was associated with pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, 25 colorectal cancer, 26 fever duration in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 27 and hematological malignancies 28 . As reviewed by Masetti et al, gut microbiota influenced the occurrence, treatment course, and associated complications of pediatric acute leukemia, implicating the regulating effect of gut microbiota in leukemia 29 .…”

“…Interestingly, upon carefully analyzing the differential metabolites between groups, we found that, compared to patients in AML_N1 group, numerous differential expressed amino acids and analogs can be observed in individuals of both CON (Table 2) and AML_N2 groups (Table 3). Furthermore, we analyzed the correlations between bacteria biomarkers, identified by LEfSe analysis, and the differential amino acids and analogs using spearman association analysis, demonstrating that plenty of bacteria biomarkers were statistically correlated with multiple amino acids and analogs between the compared Gut microbiota was evidenced to show critical function in human health, and dysbiosis of intestinal flora was associated with pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, 25 colorectal cancer, 26 fever duration in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, 27 and hematological malignancies. 28 As reviewed by Masetti et al, gut microbiota influenced the occurrence, treatment course, and associated complications of pediatric acute leukemia, implicating the regulating effect of gut microbiota in leukemia.…”

Intake of Pro‐ and/or Prebiotics as a Promising Approach for Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

“…Research shows that certain bacteria and enzymes residing in the intestines possess carcinogenic, cytotoxic, and genotoxic properties, and thus, are believed to contribute to the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of CRC. [51] In specific, B. fragilis and E. faecalis are known to harm enterocytes by inducing inflammation and damaging the epithelial barrier, [8] and 𝛽glucosidase, 𝛽-glucuronidase, nitroreductase, nitrate reductase azoredutase, and 7a-dehydroxylase, lead to abnormal cell growth and activation of anti-apoptotic pathways in the colonocytes by converting pro-carcinogenic substances into active carcinogens and synthesizing aglycones, phenols, cresols, ammonia, and amines. [120] Heeding this, altering an individual's microbial community through consumption of pro-and/or prebiotics might be a promising avenue for the prevention and treatment of CRC.…”

“…[3][4][5][6] As such, CRC is an ideal candidate disease for intervention, as the long latency period of CRC provides an opportunity for early intervention before the disease progress to an invasive and metastatic state. [7] However, traditional treatment of CRC has consisted of surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, [8] these approaches tend to only be effective on established tumors, the survival rates are relatively poor, and often result in many side effects, such as gastrointestinal irritation (e.g., diarrhea, mucositis) and/or drug resistance. [7,9] Against this backdrop, there has been burgeoning interest in recent years toward the use of alternative therapies as a more promising remedy for this disease.…”

“…[10,11] In particular, pro-and/or prebiotics have received notable academic attention due to their ability to restore gut microbiota (in case of disturbance) and maintain intestinal homeostasis, [12] prevent and treat an array of intestinal disorders, [13] neutralize mutagens linked to CRC, and modulate the immune systems of people with necrotizing enterocolitis and possibly irritable bowel syndrome. [8,[14][15][16] When applied as an adjuvant to the treatment regimens of CRC patients, importantly, research reveals that pro-and/or prebiotics are safe, tolerated well, and have negligible gastrointestinal side effects. [17,18] It's also worth noting that intake of pro-and/or prebiotics are capable of reduction of CRC incidence and control of CRC development in the early stages of CRC.…”