Strategies for utilization of crop wild relatives in plant breeding programs

Kashyap, Anamika; Garg, Pooja; Tanwar, Kunal; Sharma, Jyoti; Gupta, Nitika; Ha, Pham Thi Thu; Bhattacharya, Ramcharan; Mason, Annaliese S.; Rao, Mahesh

doi:10.1007/s00122-022-04220-x

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…Once a wild source of variability has been identified as potentially interesting, the next step in a breeding programme is to obtain interspecific hybrids between that wild species and a domesticated species. Usually, wild relatives carry undesirable traits, part of the linkage drag, that hampers breeding [ 74 ]; therefore, several steps of backcrosses are needed until achieving a good recovery of the agronomic characteristics of the cultivated crop [ 75 ]. On the other hand, it is well known that hybrid crops have superior yield performance compared with their parental lines, a phenomenon commonly defined as heterosis or hybrid vigour [ 76 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgressive Biochemical Response to Water Stress in Interspecific Eggplant Hybrids

González-Orenga

Plazas

Ribera

et al. 2023

Plants

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In a climate change scenario, crop tolerance to drought must be urgently improved, as it represents an increasingly critical stress reducing agricultural yields worldwide. Although most crops are relatively sensitive to water stress, many of their wild relatives are more tolerant and may be used to improve drought tolerance in our crops. In this study, the response to drought of eggplant (Solanum melongena), its close wild relatives S. insanum and S. incanum and their interspecific hybrids with S. melongena was assessed. The plants were subjected to two treatments for 18 days: control, with irrigation every four days, and drought, with complete interruption of irrigation. Morphological and biomass traits were measured, and physiological and biochemical responses were analysed using stress biomarkers such as proline, flavonoids, and total phenolic compounds. Oxidative stress was quantified by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) content. As a result of the drought treatment, plant development and tissue water content were seriously affected. Generally, water deficit also caused significant increases in MDA, proline, flavonoids, and total phenolics compounds. Our results comparing parental accessions reveal a better response to drought in one of the S. insanum accessions. The hybrid between S. melongena and S. incanum displayed a better response than the other hybrids and even its parents. The results obtained here might be helpful for future eggplant breeding programmes aimed at improving drought tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgressive Biochemical Response to Water Stress in Interspecific Eggplant Hybrids

González-Orenga

Plazas

Ribera

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…have lost the genetic variability that aids stress resilience. At the same time, the Brassicaceae family includes a large reservoir of crop wild relatives (CWRs), showing intrinsic tolerance to many of the abiotic stresses [ 36 ]. In the case of abiotic stress, many of the studies on Brassica target mostly the vegetative and flowering stages of the plant [ 8 ], and reports on its genotypic tolerance to heat and drought at the early stages of the crops’ plant development are obscure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indexing Resilience to Heat and Drought Stress in the Wild Relatives of Rapeseed-Mustard

Kashyap

Kumari

Garg

et al. 2023

Life

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Wild species are weedy relatives and progenitors of cultivated crops, usually maintained in their centres of origin. They are rich sources of diversity as they possess many agriculturally important traits. In this study, we analysed 25 wild species and 5 U triangle species of Brassica for their potential tolerance against heat and drought stress during germination and in order to examine the early seedling stage. We identified the germplasms based on the mean membership function value (MFV), which was calculated from the tolerance index of shoot length, root length, and biochemical analysis. The study revealed that B. napus (GSC-6) could withstand high temperatures and drought. Other genotypes that were tolerant to the impact of heat stress were B. tournefortii (RBT 2002), D. gomez-campoi, B. tournefortii (Rawa), L. sativum, and B. carinata (PC-6). C. sativa resisted drought but did not perform well when subjected to high temperatures. Tolerance to drought was observed in B. fruticulosa (Spain), B. tournefortii (RBT 2003), C. bursa-pastoris (late), D. muralis, C. abyssinica (EC694145), C. abyssinica (EC400058) and B. juncea (Pusa Jaikisan). This investigation contributes to germplasm characterization and the identification of the potential source of abiotic stress tolerance in the Brassica breeding programme. These identified genotypes can be potential sources for transferring the gene(s)/genomic regions that determine tolerance to the elite cultivars.

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“…CWRs are taxonomically related to domesticated plants and may belong to the same species. However, they exist as wild species in natural habitats in and near their centers of origin [ 13 ]. Notably, they are widespread on all continents besides Antarctica, and several can be found in the Vavilov’s diversity centers and their adjacent regions [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also feature higher genetic and phenotypic variability than domesticated species and thus provide breeders with a rich gene pool which constitutes a useful genetic resource for breeding programs. Moreover, this resource is likely to broaden the genetic base of cultivated varieties by introducing economically important genes, critical for meeting the challenges of food crisis and climate change [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Wild Relatives: A Valuable Source of Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses

Kapazoglou¹,

Gerakari

Lazaridi

et al. 2023

Plants

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Global climate change is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, production, and sustainability worldwide. Moreover, breeding efforts of the past years have focused on improving certain favorable crop traits, leading to genetic bottlenecks. The use of crop wild relatives (CWRs) to expand genetic diversity and improve crop adaptability seems to be a promising and sustainable approach for crop improvement in the context of the ongoing climate challenges. In this review, we present the progress that has been achieved towards CWRs exploitation for enhanced resilience against major abiotic stressors (e.g., water deficiency, increased salinity, and extreme temperatures) in crops of high nutritional and economic value, such as tomato, legumes, and several woody perennial crops. The advances in -omics technologies have facilitated the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that may underlie abiotic stress tolerance. Comparative analyses of whole genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptomic profiling (RNA-seq) data between crops and their wild relative counterparts have unraveled important information with respect to the molecular basis of tolerance to abiotic stressors. These studies have uncovered genomic regions, specific stress-responsive genes, gene networks, and biochemical pathways associated with resilience to adverse conditions, such as heat, cold, drought, and salinity, and provide useful tools for the development of molecular markers to be used in breeding programs. CWRs constitute a highly valuable resource of genetic diversity, and by exploiting the full potential of this extended allele pool, new traits conferring abiotic-stress tolerance may be introgressed into cultivated varieties leading to superior and resilient genotypes. Future breeding programs may greatly benefit from CWRs utilization for overcoming crop production challenges arising from extreme environmental conditions.

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Strategies for utilization of crop wild relatives in plant breeding programs

Cited by 29 publications

References 138 publications

Transgressive Biochemical Response to Water Stress in Interspecific Eggplant Hybrids

Transgressive Biochemical Response to Water Stress in Interspecific Eggplant Hybrids

Indexing Resilience to Heat and Drought Stress in the Wild Relatives of Rapeseed-Mustard

Crop Wild Relatives: A Valuable Source of Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses

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